The nervous mechanism of plants /

Abstract

Accession of energy, under stimulation, Adjustment of leaf, by transmitted excitation, 170 Afferent impulse, 175 ; reflection as efferent, 175 ; difference between efferent and, 188 ; special nerve for conduction of, 191 Amesthetics, effect of, on conduction, 37 Anatomy of conducting tissue, 206 ; in petiole, 32 ; in stem, 39 ; in isolated plant-nerve, 124 ,, ,, petiole-pulvinar junction, 151 Anisotropic organs, torsional response of, 156 Anode, excitation on break at, 26, 31 Ascent of sap, not concerned in transmission of excitation, 20 Automatic record of velocity of transmission, 54, 205 Autonomous activity, in Desmodium, 119, 202 ; in growing organs, 119 Averrhoa Carambola, irreciprocal conduction in, 47 ; direction of preferential conduction in, 50 ; dual impulses under indirect stimulation in, 83 ' Bahnung' or Facilitation, as after-effect of stimulation, 46, 51, 208 ; in mechanical response, 51, 120 ; in electrical response, 101, 126, 128 Biedermann, quoted, 9, 11 Biophytum sensitivum, irreciprocal conduction in, 48 ; direction of preferential conduction in, 50 ; polar excitation of, 26 ; simultaneous determination of translocation of stimulant and transmission of excitation in, 18 Block, forcing of under strong stimulus, 41 ; physiological, 71, 206 ; electrotonic, 29, 75 ; by cold, 72 ; by poison, 76 ,, disappearance of central, under strychnine, 197 ,, Method of natural, for electric response, 99 Cellular propagation of excitation, 91 Chemical agents, effect of, on conductivity, 131 Cold, block of conduction by excessive, 72 Conducting tissue, anatomy of, in petiole, 32, 206 ; in stem, 39 ; localisation of by Electric Probe, no, 209 Conduction, between stem and leaves, 6, 40 ,, irreciprocal at neuro-muscular junction, 44 ; at nervepulvinar junction of Mimosa pudica, 45, 46 ; in Averrhoa, 47 ; in Biophytum, 48 ; in petiole of M. Spegazzinii , 46 ,, preferential, 48, 50, 53, 208 ,, arrest of, by electrotonic block, 29, 75, 206 ; by physiological block, 71, 206 220 INDEX Conduction, directive action of constant current on, 133, 135, 143, 2x3 ,, in rigored animal tissue, xi Conductivity, 119, 130; balance, 130 Conductor, 165 Constant electric current, polar excitatory action of, 22 ; directive action of, on conduction, 133, 138 ; homodromous and heterodromous, 141, 213 Continuity, of conduction between stem and leaves, 6, 40 ; between irreciprocal and preferential conduction, 48, 208 Contractility, 119 Desiccation, effect of on conduction, 69 Desmodium gyrans, 119, 165, 202 Dia-heliotropic attitude of leaves, 160 Differential method of determining velocity, 62 ,, staining, for tracing nerve-distribution, 35 Diffuse excitation, under intense stimulation, 41 ; error introduced by, 12 Di-phasic method, for determination of velocity of impulse, 107 ,, response, mechanical, 84 ; electrical, 98 Direct and indirect stimulation, responsive movements to, 83 ; effects of, on growth, 90 ; laws of, 94, 21 1 Directive action of constant current on conduction, 138, 140, 213 ; laws of, 148 Distance, effect of, on transmiss...

Electrophysiology of Woody Plants

“…These sensitive plants attracted the attention of outstanding pioneer researchers such as Burdon-Sanderson (1873, 1899, Pfeffer (1873), Haberlandt (1914), Darwin (1896) and Bose (1926). They found plants not only to be equipped with various mechano-receptors that exceeded the sensitivity of a human finger, but also its ability to trigger action potentials (APs) that implemented these movements.…”

“…The trap closure in Dionea has been considered as a model case, showing comparable roles of APs in plants and nerve-muscle preparations of animals (Simons, 1992). Bose (1926) proposed that vascular bundles act analogous to nerves, by enabling the propagation of an excitation that moved from cell to cell. A comprehensive review of the early development of plant electrophysiology is provided by Stahlberg (2006).…”

“…Plant cells become bioelectrochemically excited under the influence of environmental changes and the conduction of these electric potential modifications to distant plant organs have been widely reported. Electrochemical phenomena in plants have attracted researchers since the eighteenth century (Bertholon, 1783;Burdon-Sanderson, 1873;Darwin, 1875;Lemström, 1904;Bose, 1926); however, only in the last decade numerous papers related to plant electrophysiology have been published (for a comprehensive review on the subject see Volkov´s book "Plant Electrophysiology, Theory and Methods", 2006). Detection of electrical potentials in plants indicates that electrical signaling is a major system to transmit information over long distances throughout its organs.…”

Competition between ferro-retrieval and anti-ferro orders in a Hopfield-like network model for plant intelligence

“…Almost eighty years ago, Bose [1] detected electrical signaling between plants cells. Since his experiments, many examples of cross-talk, namely, the biochemical signaling pathways in plants have been found.…”

“…Since the pioneering work by an Indian scientist J. C. Bose [1], plants have been regarded as networks which are capable of intelligent responses to environmental stimuli. For example, the dodder coil, which is a plastic plant, explores new host tree within hours after their initial touch contact [2].…”