The nervous system of Tricladida. I. Neuroanatomy ofProcerodes littoralis (Maricola, Procerodidae): An immunocytochemical study

Reuter, Maria; Gustafsson, Margaretha K. S.; Sahlgren, Cecilia; Halton, D W; Maule, Aaron G.; Shaw, Chris

doi:10.1007/bf02331909

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the present study has revealed that the brain is butterfly shaped and possesses a single, broad commissure. A recent study of Procerodes littoralis, another maricolan triclad species, gives an account of the brain structure (Reuter et al, 1995a). In P. littoralis the brain is described as "butterfly-shaped," only one brain commissure was present, and, in contrast to the spongy appearance which was reported in the brain of Dugesia spp (Bagufik and Ballester, 1978), the brain of P. littoralis was compact with peripherally-located cell bodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The peptidergic nervous system of the triclad turbellarian,Bdelloura candida (maricola, bdellouridae): An immunocytochemical study using an antiserum raised to an endogenous neuropeptide, GYIRFamide

Johnston¹,

Halton²,

Anderson

et al. 1996

J. Comp. Neurol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The organisation of the nervous system of Bdelloura candida (Tricladida, Maricola, and Bdellouridae) was studied by immunocytochemistry, by using an antiserum raised to the authentic B. candida FMRFamide-related peptide (FaRP), GYIRFamide. Immunostaining was intense and abundant throughout both the central and peripheral nervous systems, being localised to the brain, the longitudinal nerve cords and their transverse and lateral connections, the pharyngeal plexus, the extensive sub-epidermal and sub-muscular plexuses, and elements of the reproductive apparatus. Compared to an earlier anatomical investigation of this species, and also to the neuroanatomy of other triclad turbellarians, the pattern of GYIRFamide-immunoreactivity reveals differences in the following aspects: the shape and structure of the brain, the distribution of longitudinal nerve cords and their relationships with the peripheral nervous system, the structure and distribution of the lateral nerves and the transverse connectives between the longitudinal nerve cords, organisation of the pharyngeal nervous system, and innervation of the eyespots and epidermal sensory structures. Although this study focuses on a descriptive account of the neuroanatomy of Bdelloura candida, by using anti-GYIRFamide as a neuronal marker, the possible functions of the native peptide are also discussed. The quality and reproducibility of the immunostaining obtained during this work highlights the effectiveness of the GYIRFamide antiserum in the neuroanatomical study of flatworms, and also the suitability of B. candida as a model species in studies of the turbellarian nervous system.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The peptidergic nervous system of the triclad turbellarian,Bdelloura candida (maricola, bdellouridae): An immunocytochemical study using an antiserum raised to an endogenous neuropeptide, GYIRFamide

Johnston¹,

Halton²,

Anderson

et al. 1996

J. Comp. Neurol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some studies on the CNS of freshwater planarians have described the organization of the nervous system in intact organisms (Reuter et al 1995a,b, 1996; Agata et al 1998; Tazaki et al 1999). However, little attention has been paid to how this CNS is formed during regeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting planarian central nervous system regeneration by the expression of neural‐specific genes

Cebrià¹,

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The planarian central nervous system (CNS) can be used as a model for studying neural regeneration in higher organisms. Despite its simple structure, recent studies have shown that the planarian CNS can be divided into several molecular and functional domains defined by the expression of different neural genes. Remarkably, a whole animal, including the molecularly complex CNS, can regenerate from a small piece of the planarian body. In this study, a collection of neural markers has been used to characterize at the molecular level how the planarian CNS is rebuilt. Planarian CNS is composed of an anterior brain and a pair of ventral nerve cords that are distinct and overlapping structures in the head region. During regeneration, 12 neural markers have been classified as early, mid-regeneration and late expression genes depending on when they are upregulated in the regenerative blastema. Interestingly, the results from this study show that the comparison of the expression patterns of different neural genes supports the view that at day one of regeneration, the new brain appears within the blastema, whereas the pre-existing ventral nerve cords remain in the old tissues. Three stages in planarian CNS regeneration are suggested.

show abstract

“…The primary structure of this M. expansa NPF neuropeptide displays strong sequence similarities with vertebrate neuropeptide Y (15). Subsequently, immunochemical analysis using antibodies against M. expansa NPF and against vertebrate PP, Peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) and Substance P (SP) revealed the presence of immunoreactive substances in other cestodes (82–85) and other flatworm classes, including turbellarians (16, 86, 87), monogeneans (88–91), and trematodes (17, 92–94). So far, the immunopositive material has only been identified in Arthurdendyus triangulates (16), Schistosoma mansoni and in Schistosoma japonicum (17).…”

Section: The (Long) Npf Signaling System and Its Role In Feeding And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Feeding and Metabolism by Neuropeptide F and Short Neuropeptide F in Invertebrates

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous neuropeptide systems have been implicated to coordinately control energy homeostasis, both centrally and peripherally. However, the vertebrate neuropeptide Y (NPY) system has emerged as the best described one regarding this biological process. The protostomian ortholog of NPY is neuropeptide F, characterized by an RXRF(Y)amide carboxyterminal motif. A second neuropeptide system is short NPF, characterized by an M/T/L/FRF(W)amide carboxyterminal motif. Although both short and long NPF neuropeptide systems display carboxyterminal sequence similarities, they are evolutionary distant and likely already arose as separate signaling systems in the common ancestor of deuterostomes and protostomes, indicating the functional importance of both. Both NPF and short-NPF systems seem to have roles in the coordination of feeding across bilaterian species, but during chordate evolution, the short NPF system appears to have been lost or evolved into the prolactin releasing peptide signaling system, which regulates feeding and has been suggested to be orthologous to sNPF. Here we review the roles of both NPF and sNPF systems in the regulation of feeding and metabolism in invertebrates.

show abstract

The nervous system of Tricladida. I. Neuroanatomy ofProcerodes littoralis (Maricola, Procerodidae): An immunocytochemical study

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

The peptidergic nervous system of the triclad turbellarian,Bdelloura candida (maricola, bdellouridae): An immunocytochemical study using an antiserum raised to an endogenous neuropeptide, GYIRFamide

The peptidergic nervous system of the triclad turbellarian,Bdelloura candida (maricola, bdellouridae): An immunocytochemical study using an antiserum raised to an endogenous neuropeptide, GYIRFamide

Dissecting planarian central nervous system regeneration by the expression of neural‐specific genes

Regulation of Feeding and Metabolism by Neuropeptide F and Short Neuropeptide F in Invertebrates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About