The neural correlates of negative prediction error signaling in human fear conditioning

Spoormaker, Victor I.; Andrade, Kátia C.; Schröter, Manuel; Sturm, Anna; Goya-Maldonado, Roberto; Sämann, Philipp G.; Czisch, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.042

Cited by 76 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Apart from this anticipatory response, we also found evidence for a differential response at CS offset. This may reflect "surprise" when the US was unexpectedly omitted during early extinction, and is in line with findings of fear conditioning studies (Spoormaker et al, 2011). Another interesting finding was that differential skin conductance responses were only present for participants who received an ambiguous contingency instruction.…”

Section: Psychophysiological Measurementssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…It is likely that participants learn about the temporal delay between CS onset and the occurrence of the US, and as a result show anticipatory skin conductance responses shortly before the US is expected. Finally, the omission response reported here may reflect "surprise" when the US did unexpectedly not occur during extinction (e.g., Spoormaker et al, 2011). The finding that this response was only present on the first extinction trial suggests that it may only occur in appetitive conditioning when non-occurrence of the US is very surprising.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…In fear conditioning studies, it is often measured directly after presentation of a CS (first-interval response or FIR), or, in case of longer CS-US intervals, in the period prior to US delivery (second-interval response or SIR; Lovibond, Saunders, Weidemann, & Mitchell, 2008). In addition to measuring skin conductance during an anticipation period, one may also observe differential responding after unexpected omission of a shock US (i.e., on a non-reinforced CS+ trial after CS offset; Dunsmoor & LaBar, 2012;Spoormaker et al, 2011). This has been termed 'third-interval omission response' (TOR) or 'offset SCR' (skin conductance response)", and possibly reflects "surprise" or "relief" upon unexpected omission of the aversive US (Rescorla & Wagner, 1972;Spoormaker et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to measuring skin conductance during an anticipation period, one may also observe differential responding after unexpected omission of a shock US (i.e., on a non-reinforced CS+ trial after CS offset; Dunsmoor & LaBar, 2012;Spoormaker et al, 2011). This has been termed 'third-interval omission response' (TOR) or 'offset SCR' (skin conductance response)", and possibly reflects "surprise" or "relief" upon unexpected omission of the aversive US (Rescorla & Wagner, 1972;Spoormaker et al, 2011). In appetitive conditioning, measuring skin conductance responses during an expectancy mismatch (e.g., during extinction) could provide an additional measure of learning, possibly reflecting "surprise" about the non-occurrence of the US.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Learned desires

Akker¹

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Section: Psychophysiological Measurementssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Learned desires

Akker¹

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“…A study investigating fear conditioning as a form of prediction error learning does also confirm our assumption. Spoormaker et al [52] examined CS+ trials in which no UCS was administered and found increased activity in ventromedial, dorsolateral and orbitofrontal regions as neuronal correlates of this so-called negative prediction error. The absence of negative consequences therefore seems to be associated with prefrontal engagement that would also fit explanations of fear extinction [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medial Prefrontal Cortex Activity during the Extinction of Conditioned Fear: An Investigation Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Guhn

Dresler²,

Hahn³

et al. 2012

Neuropsychobiology

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The majority of fear conditioning studies in humans have focused on fear acquisition rather than fear extinction. For this reason only a few functional imaging studies on fear extinction are available. A large number of animal studies indicate the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as neuronal substrate of extinction. We therefore determined mPFC contribution during extinction learning after a discriminative fear conditioning in 34 healthy human subjects by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. During the extinction training, a previously conditioned neutral face (conditioned stimulus, CS+) no longer predicted an aversive scream (unconditioned stimulus, UCS). Considering differential valence and arousal ratings as well as skin conductance responses during the acquisition phase, we found a CS+ related increase in oxygenated haemoglobin concentration changes within the mPFC over the time course of extinction. Late CS+ trials further revealed higher activation than CS– trials in a cluster of probe set channels covering the mPFC. These results are in line with previous findings on extinction and further emphasize the mPFC as significant for associative learning processes. During extinction, the diminished fear association between a former CS+ and a UCS is inversely correlated with mPFC activity – a process presumably dysfunctional in anxiety disorders.

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Could repetitive negative thinking interfere with corrective learning? The example of anorexia nervosa

Reilly

Lavender

Berner

et al. 2018

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Identifying processes that may interfere with corrective learning during treatments for anorexia nervosa (AN) may help to improve the effectiveness of existing interventions. We propose that certain cognitive processes characteristic of the AN temperament may help explain previous findings in AN suggesting difficulty updating previously learned associations and learning from feedback. Specifically, we hypothesize that engagement in repetitive negative thinking (RNT), including worry and rumination, could interfere with corrective learning that is critical to the success of behavioral treatments. In doing so, we draw from existing work in anxiety and mood disorders linking RNT to the maintenance of symptoms and poorer response to cognitivebehavioral treatments. Next, we outline hypothesized mechanisms through which engagement in RNT before, during, and after exposure to aversive stimuli could interfere with learning in AN. We then provide recommendations for how these hypothesized associations could be tested in future research. Although prior work has suggested that RNT processes are common among individuals with AN, this work has been primarily descriptive in nature. We propose that extending this work through direct examination of the impact of active engagement in RNT on corrective learning could aid in identifying AN maintenance processes that could be explicitly targeted in treatment.

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The neural correlates of negative prediction error signaling in human fear conditioning

Cited by 76 publications

References 47 publications

Learned desires

Learned desires

Medial Prefrontal Cortex Activity during the Extinction of Conditioned Fear: An Investigation Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Could repetitive negative thinking interfere with corrective learning? The example of anorexia nervosa

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