The Neurohypophysis and Urophysis: Ancient Piscine Neurovascular Interfaces

Rajamannar, Preethi; Iswarya, Arokiadhas; Levkowitz, Gil; Biran, Jakob

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-86630-3_4

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 104 publications

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“…The hypophysis (pituitary gland) is the vital neuroendocrine organ consisting of two lobes, the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) and the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) 39 . The neurohypophysis (NH) forms a neurovascular interface where neuropeptides, such as oxytocin and vasopressin, are secreted into blood circulation via fenestrated capillaries, which regulate reproduction, fluid balance, and blood pressure [39][40][41] . As we presented earlier (Fig.…”

Section: Endothelial Cell-type-specific Angiogenic Programs Drive Fen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local angiogenic interplay of Vegfc/d and Vegfa drives brain region-specific development of fenestrated capillaries

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Chen

et al. 2022

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Phenotypic diversity of brain vasculature is important for brain region-specific neural function, but how this diversity emerges remains unclear. Here we show a core angiogenic mechanism critical for fenestrated brain vessel development via a comparative analysis of the choroid plexuses (CPs) and circumventricular organs (CVOs) in zebrafish, demonstrating vessel-type-selective vascularization mechanisms. We find that zebrafish deficient for Gpr124, Reck, or Wnt7aa exhibit severely-impaired brain angiogenesis without any apparent defect in fenestrated capillary formation in the CPs and CVOs. Conversely, various combinations of Vegfs direct heterogeneous regulation of angiogenesis within and across these organs. Expression analysis suggests that endothelial cells and non-neuronal cell types uniquely present in the CPs and CVOs are major sources of Vegfs. These comparative results reveal an unexpected, vital role for Vegfc in fenestrated vessel development across the brain and suggest that local and inter-tissue heterogeneity of angiogenic regulation promotes phenotypic diversity of brain vasculature.

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Section: Endothelial Cell-type-specific Angiogenic Programs Drive Fen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local angiogenic interplay of Vegfc/d and Vegfa drives brain region-specific development of fenestrated capillaries

Parab

Card

Chen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Neuropeptide oxytocin facilitates its own brain-to-periphery uptake by regulating blood flow dynamics and permeability

Rajamannar,

Raz,

Levkowitz

2024

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The hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system is an important neuroendocrine brain-to-blood conduit through which the neurohormones oxytocin and arginine-vasopressin are released from the brain into the general circulation to affect peripheral physiological functions such as salt balance, metabolism and reproduction. However, whether an active mechanism executes fast and efficient neurohormone release to the periphery remains unsolved. We show that a hyperosmotic physiological challenge elicits a local increase in neurohypophyseal blood flow velocities and a change in capillary diameter, which is dictated by the geometry of the hypophyseal vascular microcircuit. Genetic ablation of oxytocin neurons and inhibition of oxytocin receptor signaling attenuated capillary blood flow and diameter. Optogenetic stimulation of oxytocin neurons resulted in an oxytocin receptor-dependent increase in blood flow velocities. Lastly, both osmotic challenge and oxytocin neuronal activation elicited a local rise in neurohypophyseal capillary permeability in an oxytocin signaling-dependent manner. Our study demonstrates that physiologically elicited changes in neurohypophyseal blood flow and permeability are regulated by oxytocin. We propose that oxytocin-dependent neuro-vascular coupling facilitates its efficient uptake into the blood circulation, suggesting a self-perpetuating mechanism of peripheral hormone transfer.

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The Neurohypophysis and Urophysis: Ancient Piscine Neurovascular Interfaces

Cited by 2 publications

References 104 publications

Local angiogenic interplay of Vegfc/d and Vegfa drives brain region-specific development of fenestrated capillaries

Local angiogenic interplay of Vegfc/d and Vegfa drives brain region-specific development of fenestrated capillaries

Neuropeptide oxytocin facilitates its own brain-to-periphery uptake by regulating blood flow dynamics and permeability

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