The New Economic Geography of Old Industrial Regions: Universities as Global — Local Pipelines

Abstract

Introduction There is a broad consensus that globalisation and technological change have precipitated the emergence of a new knowledge economy in which economic success is dependent on innovation-based productivity growth (for a review see Temple, 1998). However, there are strong competing arguments over the spatial dynamics and form of this new economy. On the one hand, the ubiquity of ICT (information and communication technology), the dematerialisation of production, and the increasing mobility of factors of production suggest a`death of distance' and the`end of geography' (Cairncross, 1997; Dicken, 1998). On the other hand, the tendency for knowledge capital to agglomerate has produced new megacities dominating global production networks, and a number of highly specialised niche high-technology spaces (Sassen, 1991; Smith, 2003). These totemic new economy spaces manifest success through a combination of many apparent mechanisms such as clusters, dense innovation networks, or territorial knowledge pools (

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