The Next Challenge in Implementation Science: Transferring Implementation Strategy Knowledge and Skills

Abstract

Background: Complex evidence-based clinical innovations are challenging to implement, with many settings requiring implementation assistance to increase likelihood of innovation uptake with fidelity. Implementation science researchers are identifying evidence-based implementation strategies that support the uptake of evidence-based practices and other clinical innovations. However, there is limited information regarding how to develop methods to educate implementation practitioners on the use of implementation strategies and how to sustain these competencies over time. We developed, initiated, and evaluated an implementation training program for both implementation researchers and practitioners.Methods: Participants who attended 7 trainings were asked to complete an electronic survey 2 weeks before training, immediately post-training, and 6 months post-training. We assessed participant knowledge and confidence in applying implementation facilitation skills using a 4-point Likert scale. Scores were compared at baseline to those provided post-training and at 6 months, as well as post-training to 6 months post-training (using nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests).Results: One hundred and two participants (76 in-person, 26 virtually) completed the pre-and post-training evaluation. Participants reported a significant increase in perceived knowledge and confidence across all implementation facilitation domains from pre- to post-training and pre- to 6-month training follow up. There was no significant difference between virtual and in-person participants. When comparing post-training to 6-months, increases in perceptions of knowledge remained unchanged though half of the domains showed significantly lower perceived confidence to apply facilitation skills. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that we have developed and conducted an effective Implementation Facilitation Program with participants reporting significant increased knowledge and confidence applying implementation facilitation skills. These results were sustained among trainees at 6 months post-training, as participants reported perceived improvements in knowledge and confidence in applying implementation facilitation skills in all domains. Additionally, knowledge and confidence change scores did not differ based on in-person versus virtual attendance, suggesting that implementation training can successfully be provided to a remote site without loss of knowledge/skills transfer. The decrease in perceived confidence in applying skills from post-training to 6-months post training in some areas indicate a need for ongoing support of facilitation practitioners.

Comparative analysis and implementation of a transformative business and supply chain model for the FMCG sector in Africa and the USA

“…Identifying opportunities for improvement is crucial for organizations to stay competitive in today's dynamic business environment. Kirchner et al (2020) highlight the challenges associated with the spread of quality improvement and implementation strategies, emphasizing the need for transferring implementation strategy knowledge and skills. This underscores the importance of addressing challenges in implementation to effectively capitalize on opportunities for improvement.…”