The Non-Invasive Ultrasound-Based Assessment of Liver Viscosity in a Healthy Cohort

Popa, Alexandru; Sporea, Ioan; Bende, Felix; Popescu, Alina; Fofiu, Renata; Borlea, Andreea; Bâldea, Victor; Pascu, Ariana; Foncea, Camelia; Cotrău, Radu; Şirli, Roxana

doi:10.3390/diagnostics12061451

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Our research found a link between Vi PLUS, which decreases with age, and with the measurement depth and BMI. Only a few studies that evaluated the liver used this non-invasive method to measure the viscosity of tissue [ 24 ], with Deffieux et al (2015) [ 44 ] being the first. We could indeed theorize that viscosity metrics that illustrate inflammatory states could be beneficial when assessing patients who have suffered acute kidney injury or acute pyelonephritis or when assessing kidney transplant recipients to evaluate acute rejections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead of rapid deformation, slow deformation causes tissues to migrate, and necro-inflammation-related alterations are thought to affect how shear waves propagate (viscosity) [ 18 ]. Supersonic Imagine created the original 2D-SWE method, and numerous studies and meta-analyses have supported its usefulness in fibrosis assessment [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], but, currently, there are only a few research articles employing the new 2D-SWE PLUS and Vi PLUS technologies [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Invasive Evaluation of Kidney Elasticity and Viscosity in a Healthy Cohort

et al. 2022

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Introduction: There is currently a lack of published data on kidney elasticity and viscosity. Non-invasive techniques, such as two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE PLUS) and viscosity plane-wave ultrasound (Vi PLUS), have surfaced as new detection methods, which, thanks to efficient processing software, are expected to improve renal stiffness and viscosity measurements. This study aims to be the first one to assess the normal range values in normal renal function subjects and to investigate the factors that impact them. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study employing 50 participants (29 women and 21 men) with a mean age of 42.22 ± 13.17, a mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 97.12 ± 11 mL/min/1.73 m2, a mean kidney length of 10.16 ± 0.66 cm, and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 24.24 ± 3.98. With a C6-1X convex transducer and the Ultra-FastTM software available on the Hologic Aixplorer Mach 30 ultrasound system, we acquired five measurements of renal cortical stiffness and viscosity (achieved from five distinct images in the middle part of the subcapsular cortex) from each kidney. The ten measurements’ median values correlated with the participant’s demographical, biological, and clinical parameters. Results: The mean kidney elasticity was 31.88 ± 2.89 kiloPascal (kPa), and the mean viscosity was 2.44 ± 0.57 Pascal.second (Pa.s) for a mean measurement depth 4.58 ± 1.02cm. Renal stiffness seemed to be influenced by age (r = −0.7047, p < 0.0001), the measurement depth (r = −0.3776, p = 0.0075), and eGFR (r = 0.6101,p < 0.0001) but not by BMI (r = −0.2150, p = 0.1338), while viscosity appeared to be impacted by age (r= −0.4251, p = 0.0021), eGFR (r = 0.4057, p = 0.0038), the measurement depth (r= −0.4642, p = 0.0008), and BMI (r= −0.3676, p = 0.0086). The results of the one-way ANOVA used to test the differences in the variables among the three age sub-groups are statistically significant for both 2D-SWE PLUS (p < 0.001) and Vi PLUS (p = 0.015). The method found good intra-operator reproducibility for the 2D-SWE PLUS measurements, with an ICC of 0.8365 and a 95% CI of 0.7512 to 0.8990, and for the Vi PLUS measurements, with an ICC of 0.9 and a 95% CI of 0.8515 to 0.9397. Conclusions: Renal stiffness and viscosity screening may become an efficacious, low-cost way to gather supplemental diagnostic data from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The findings demonstrate that these non-invasive methods are highly feasible and not influenced by gender and that their values correlate with renal function and decrease with age progression. Nevertheless, more research is required to ascertain their place in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Evaluation of Kidney Elasticity and Viscosity in a Healthy Cohort

et al. 2022

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“…Their results show that viscosity was only a weak predictor of disease activity and steatosis levels and that it had a poorer predictive value for fibrosis, compared to stiffness. Normal liver viscosity values on the same device, using the same technique, were found by our group to be around 1.59 Pa·s [ 29 ]. In contrast with our findings, liver values of ViPLUS did increase with age but the concept of “inflammaging” described for the liver—the increase in necroptosis associated with age—is not characteristic for thyroid tissue [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Quantification of Thyroid Viscosity in Healthy Subjects Using Ultrasound Shear Wave Dispersion (Viscosity PLUS)

et al. 2022

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Shear-wave elastography (SWE) is widely used in thyroid evaluation, but multiple factors influence thyroid stiffness. Estimating tissue viscosity may enhance the ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid diseases, along with the ultrasound (US) and the SWE assessment. In order to be able to detect diffuse thyroid disease by viscosity measurements, it is essential to firstly define the normal values of thyroid viscosity in healthy subjects. Currently there are no published data on thyroid viscosity measurements. This first prospective study aimed to determine the normal range of thyroid viscosity values in a cohort of healthy thyroids, as well as to determine the factors that may influence them. One hundred and twenty-one consecutive subjects without thyroid pathology were evaluated in the study by means of conventional ultrasound, two-dimensional SWE (2D SWE PLUS) and viscosity plane-wave ultrasound (ViPLUS) embedded in the Supersonic MACH® 30 ultrasound system. Five valid tissue viscosity measurements were obtained for each thyroid lobe in every patient and the median values were analyzed and correlated with the biological and demographic parameters of each patient. Our results reveal that ViPLUS is a highly feasible and reproducible technique for thyroid evaluation. Thyroid stiffness, age, gender, BMI and depth of measurements did not influence the thyroid viscosity values. The mean thyroid viscosity by ViPLUS for normal thyroid tissue was of 2.42 ± 0.41 Pa·s. Viscosity assessment by Supersonic ViPLUS is an innovative, non-invasive technique that has proven to be useful for thyroid US evaluation and remains to demonstrate its effectiveness in identifying patients with thyroid disease.

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“…In another study utilizing Vi.Plus by SSI, the mean viscosity of 131 healthy adults was 1.59 Pa·s. After multivariate analysis, age and body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with Vi.Plus [ 52 ]. In contrast, Trout et al found no significant correlation between SWDS and BMI, but a significant positive correlation between SWDS and abdominal wall thickness and median measurement depth [ 50 ].…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear Wave Dispersion in Chronic Liver Disease: From Physical Principles to Clinical Usefulness

Garcovich

Paratore

Ainora

et al. 2023

JPM

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The development of new applications in ultrasound (US) imaging in recent years has strengthened the role of this imaging technique in the management of different pathologies, particularly in the setting of liver disease. Improved B-mode imaging (3D and 4D), contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) and especially US-based elastography techniques have created the concept of multiparametric ultrasound (MP-US), a term borrowed from radiological sectional imaging. Among the new elastography techniques, shear wave dispersion is a newly developed imaging technology which enables the assessment of the shear waves’ dispersion slope. The analysis of the dispersion qualities of shear waves might be indirectly related to the tissue viscosity, thus providing biomechanical information concerning the pathologic state of the liver such as necroinflammation. Some of the most recent US devices have been embedded with software that evaluate the dispersion of shear waves/liver viscosity. In this review, the feasibility and the clinical applications of liver viscosity are reviewed based on the preliminary findings of both animal and human studies.

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The Non-Invasive Ultrasound-Based Assessment of Liver Viscosity in a Healthy Cohort

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Non-Invasive Evaluation of Kidney Elasticity and Viscosity in a Healthy Cohort

Non-Invasive Evaluation of Kidney Elasticity and Viscosity in a Healthy Cohort

Quantification of Thyroid Viscosity in Healthy Subjects Using Ultrasound Shear Wave Dispersion (Viscosity PLUS)

Shear Wave Dispersion in Chronic Liver Disease: From Physical Principles to Clinical Usefulness

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