The Northern Ireland programme for the control and eradication of Mycobacterium bovis

Abernethy, D.A.; Denny, G. O.; Menzies, F. D.; McGuckian, Paddy; Honhold, N.; Roberts, Alan

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.023

Cited by 70 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Good et al (2013) Confirmation of bTB post disclosure was shown not to be significant in the final multivariable model. This is a surprising result given that confirmation has an important status in the Northern Ireland eradication and control programme (Abernethy et al, 2006). Also it could be thought that presence of lesions would indicate a longer standing infection and thus increased risk for a herd.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Bovine tuberculosis in Northern Ireland: Risk factors associated with time from post-outbreak test to subsequent herd breakdown

Doyle

Gordon

Abernethy

et al. 2014

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Compulsory bovine Tuberculosis testing has been implemented since 1959 in NorthernIreland. Initial rapid progress in the eradication of the disease was followed by a situation where disease levels tended to fluctuate around a low level. This study Tuberculin Test (SICTT) reactors at disclosure test), local bTB prevalence, herd size and type were identified as significant risk factors (p<0.05), as was the purchase of higher numbers (n>27 per year) of cattle. Consistent with other studies this work shows bTB confirmation to not be predicative of a future herd breakdown. This work shows bTB history as not being a risk factor for a future breakdown. This result could be reflective of the exclusion criteria used in the study, which may have selected for incidents where historical status was of less importance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Eradication has been largely successful in developed countries, particularly those with no significant wildlife reservoirs (Abernethy et al, 2006). An eradication scheme was introduced in Northern Ireland in 1959 but bovine tuberculosis remains endemic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine tuberculosis in Northern Ireland: Risk factors associated with time from post-outbreak test to subsequent herd breakdown

Doyle

Gordon

Abernethy

et al. 2014

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…The cattle density is high, most cattle trade takes place at livestock sales, winter housing is common and sixty percent of farms in Northern Ireland have multiple premises. All these factors promote movement and cattle-to-cattle contact (Abernethy et al, 2006). In addition, Northern Ireland has a wildlife reservoir for bTB in Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) (Denny and Wilesmith, 1999;Abernethy et al, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition there is computerised tracing of contact herds and cattle, short interval testing of herds contiguous to outbreaks and compulsory slaughter of positive cattle. On disclosure of reactors to the SICCT or tuberculous lesions at routine post mortem inspection, herds are restricted from moving animals, except direct to slaughter, until they have passed several tests at intervals of 42 to 60 days (Abernethy et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Risk factors for visible lesions or positive laboratory tests in bovine tuberculosis reactor cattle in Northern Ireland

O’Hagan¹,

Courcier²,

Drewe

et al. 2015

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…There are recommended cut-off points for increases in skin thickness for a tuberculin test to be positive (OIE 2009), which are the basis for eliminating positive reactors in eradication programmes (Good 2006). However, political and socio-economic constraints as well as a lack of attention in developing and poor countries like Cameroon are significantly hampering routine tuberculin testing and the elimi-nation of infected cattle, which has proved very effective in eradicating bovine TB in most developed countries (Gilbert et al 2005;Abernethy et al 2006;Good 2006). There are scant reports approximating the prevalence of bovine TB based on the TST of live cattle in Cameroon (Merlin and Tsangueu 1985;Tanya et al 1985;Martrenchar et al 1993;Nfi and Ndi 1997;Muchaal 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle in the highlands of Cameroon based on the detection of lesions in slaughtered cattle and tuberculin skin tests of live cattle

Awah-Ndukum¹,

Kudi²,

Bradley³

et al. 2012

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is an important neglected zoonosis in Cameroon, where many communities depend on their livestock for livelihood and the incidence of human TB and TB-HIV/AIDS co-infection are high and increasing annually. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of bovine TB in cattle in the highlands of Cameroon. The magnitude and trend of detecting TB lesions in slaughtered cattle (1994 to 2010) and tuberculin skin tests (TST) in 2853 cattle (84 herds) of 39 livestock rearing communities were analysed. Of 129 165 slaughtered cattle inspected, 599 (0.46%; 95% CI: 0.43%-0.50%) showed suspected TB lesions among a total of 983 (0.76%; 95% CI: 0.71%-0.81%) identified pathologies. The monthly TB detection rates ranged from 0.30% (95% CI: 0.20%-0.40%) to 0.81% (95% CI: 0.64%-0.98%) and annual rates from 0.04% (95% CI: 0%-0.11%) to 1.46% (95% CI: 1.22%-1.69%). The rates were not affected (P < 0.05) by season and fluctuating peaks were also recorded. The comparative TST revealed that bovine TB was widely distributed in live cattle (4.67%; 95% CI: 3.89%-5.44%) and was higher (χ 2 = 17.50, P ≤ 0.001) in the Western highlands than Adamawa plateaux.Comparative TST bovine TB reactors were higher (P < 0.05) in cattle managed in semi-intensive and beef production systems compared to the others. Animals in small herds showed higher (χ 2 = 4.283, P = 0.038) rates than those in large herds. Bovine TB prevalence in exotic/upgraded cattle was comparable to that of the Red Bororo zebu but higher than the rates in Guadali (χ 2 = 4.971, P = 0.026) and White Fulani (χ 2 = 5.6, P = 0.018) zebus.Among the indigenous zebus, the rate was higher in Red Bororo than the Guadali (χ 2 = 6.244, P = 0.012) and White Fulani (χ 2 = 6.568, P = 0.010). Sex did not influence (χ 2 = 0.410, P = 0.522) bovine TB prevalence in this study but diagnosis of the disease was higher (χ 2 = 5.787; P = 0.016) among adult/older cattle than in younger animals. Further analysis of the TST responses revealed that atypical mycobacterial infections was widespread and 6.83% of tested animals showed positive reactions at both bovine and avian tuberculin injection sites and a strong association (χ 2 = 2.512; P = 0.113) between skin responses to both tuberculins. The study confirms that bovine TB is prevalent in live cattle and meat production abattoirs in Cameroon and we recommend strict a interpretation of TST results for maximum diagnosis of the disease in the local environment. A need for comprehensive investigation of the molecular epidemiology, zoonotic risks and the public health importance of bovine TB in Cameroon cannot be overemphasised.

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The Northern Ireland programme for the control and eradication of Mycobacterium bovis

Cited by 70 publications

References 12 publications

Bovine tuberculosis in Northern Ireland: Risk factors associated with time from post-outbreak test to subsequent herd breakdown

Bovine tuberculosis in Northern Ireland: Risk factors associated with time from post-outbreak test to subsequent herd breakdown

Risk factors for visible lesions or positive laboratory tests in bovine tuberculosis reactor cattle in Northern Ireland

Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle in the highlands of Cameroon based on the detection of lesions in slaughtered cattle and tuberculin skin tests of live cattle

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