The novel immunoregulatory molecule FGL2: A potential biomarker for severity of chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Foerster, Katharina; Helmy, Ahmed; Zhu, Yi; Khattar, Ramzi; Adeyi, Oyedele; Wong, Kit Man; Shalev, Idan; Clark, David A.; Wong, P. Y.; Heathcote, E. Jenny; Phillips, M. J.; Grant, David; Renner, Eberhard L.; Levy, Gary; Selzner, Nazia

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.04.020

Cited by 60 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In patients with biopsy-proven HCV hepatitis, plasma levels of sFGL2 were considerably increased and correlated positively with HCV titers as well as degree of inflammation in the liver. Following an effective anti-viral therapy, levels of sFGL2 decreased significantly [23]. Compared with patients without cirrhosis or patients with inactive end stage alcoholic cirrhosis, HCV-patients with cirrhosis showed higher levels of sFGL2 [23].…”

Section: Clinical Significance Of Sfgl2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Functionally distinct from mFGL2, sFGL2 possesses abilities in immunomodulation and contradictory properties in tissue injuries [15, 19, 20]. Recently, a growing body of evidence indicated that FLG2 was involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases such as pregnancy failure [21], tumor growth [22], viral infection [23–25], allograft rejection [26], and autoimmune disorders [12, 27]. As the physiological function and the pathogenetic roles of mFGL2 have been well elucidated in some other papers [20, 28, 29], this mini-review will focus on recent progress about the signaling mechanism of sFGL2 in immunomodulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soluble fibrinogen like protein 2 (sFGL2), the novel effector molecule for immunoregulation

Liu

Chen

2016

Oncotarget

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Soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 (sFGL2) is the soluble form of fibrinogen-like protein 2 belonging to the fibrinogen-related protein superfamily. It is now well characterized that sFGL2 is mainly secreted by regulatory T cell (Treg) populations, and exerts potently immunosuppressive activities. By repressing not only the differentiation and proliferation of T cells but also the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), sFGL2 acts largely as an immunosuppressant. Moreover, sFGL2 also induces apoptosis of B cells, tubular epithelial cells (TECs), sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), and hepatocytes. This mini-review focuses primarily on the recent literature with respect to the signaling mechanism of sFGL2 in immunomodulation, and discusses the clinical implications of sFGL2 in transplantation, hepatitis, autoimmunity, and tumors.

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Section: Clinical Significance Of Sfgl2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble fibrinogen like protein 2 (sFGL2), the novel effector molecule for immunoregulation

Liu

Chen

2016

Oncotarget

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“…50 Increased soluble fibroleukin is observed in alveolar macrophages from patients with peripheral lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 51 chronic hepatitis C, 52 and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. 53 Inhibition of fibroleukin has shown beneficial effects in a model of hepatic reperfusion, decreasing liver injury by lowering the apoptotic levels of mice hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells.…”

Section: Patterns [Damps]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrinogen-Related Proteins in Tissue Repair: How a Unique Domain with a Common Structure Controls Diverse Aspects of Wound Healing

Zuliani-Alvarez

Midwood

2015

Advances in Wound Care

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Fibrinogen-related proteins (FRePs) comprise an intriguing collection of extracellular molecules, each containing a conserved fibrinogen-like globe (FBG). This group includes the eponymous fibrinogen as well as the tenascin, angiopoietin, and ficolin families. Many of these proteins are upregulated during tissue repair and exhibit diverse roles during wound healing. An increasing body of evidence highlights the specific expression of a number of FRePs following tissue injury and infection. Upon induction, each FReP uses its FBG domain to mediate quite distinct effects that contribute to different stages of tissue repair, such as driving coagulation, pathogen detection, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Despite a high degree of homology among FRePs, each contains unique sequences that enable their diversification of function. Comparative analysis of the structure and function of FRePs and precise mapping of regions that interact with a variety of ligands has started to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms by which these proteins play very different roles using their common domain. Fibrinogen has long been used in the clinic as a synthetic matrix serving as a scaffold or a delivery system to aid tissue repair. Novel therapeutic strategies are now emerging that harness the use of other FRePs to improve wound healing outcomes. As we learn more about the underlying mechanisms by which each FReP contributes to the repair response, specific blockade, or indeed potentiation, of their function offers real potential to enable regulation of distinct processes during pathological wound healing.

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“…Several biomarkers have recently been evaluated in the context of HCV infection, including interferon-responsive genes (26,30,37,40,51,53), chemokines (28,29,31,54,56), interleukin-28B (IL-28B) gene polymorphisms (16,18,39), fibrosis protein markers (6,7,35), fibrinogen-like protein 2 (11), complement component C3a (25), and osteopontin (23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Danoprevir Monotherapy Decreases Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Schaefer¹,

Kossen²,

Lim³

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Danoprevir is a potent and selective direct-acting antiviral agent that targets the protease activity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A. This agent results in a significant rapid decline in HCV RNA levels when it is used in monotherapy. The present study evaluated whether plasma concentrations of the inflammatory markers gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and neopterin or the interferon-stimulated gene product 2-5-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS-1) were correlated with the plasma HCV RNA concentration before or during 14-day danoprevir monotherapy. In contrast to pegylated interferon and ribavirin treatment, a higher baseline IP-10 concentration was positively correlated with a greater first-phase HCV RNA decline upon danoprevir administration. Changes in the IP-10 plasma concentration during danoprevir administration were also associated with categorical changes in HCV RNA concentration at days 7 and 14. The neopterin concentration appeared to be moderately decreased during danoprevir administration, although these changes were not statistically significant. However, changes in neopterin concentration showed a statistically significant correlation with changes in IP-10 concentration. Considerable variation in the OAS-1 concentration was observed before and during treatment, including in patients treated with placebo and/or patients with minimal virologic response. Overall, these results suggest that effective treatment with a direct-acting antiviral agent may reduce hepatic inflammation and that first-phase HCV RNA decline during treatment with an NS3/4A protease inhibitor is more robust in patients with high baseline IP-10 concentrations.

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The novel immunoregulatory molecule FGL2: A potential biomarker for severity of chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Cited by 60 publications

References 29 publications

Soluble fibrinogen like protein 2 (sFGL2), the novel effector molecule for immunoregulation

Soluble fibrinogen like protein 2 (sFGL2), the novel effector molecule for immunoregulation

Fibrinogen-Related Proteins in Tissue Repair: How a Unique Domain with a Common Structure Controls Diverse Aspects of Wound Healing

Danoprevir Monotherapy Decreases Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

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