The Nutritive Value of Legumes

Ulyatt, M. J.; Lancashire, J. A.; Jones, William T.

doi:10.33584/jnzg.1976.38.1475

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The ratio of readily fermentable carbohydrate: structural carbohydrate in chicory (1-15:100) is similar to that found for white clover (1-17:100; Ulyatt & MacRae 1974;Ulyatt et al 1976), but the ash content of chicory (188 g/kg CM) is substantially higher than that found for most perennial forages (90-110 g/kg DM). The greater concentration of CT in chicory relative to perennial ryegrass could be important when considering protein digestion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Digestion, rumen fermentation and chewing behaviour of red deer fed fresh chicory and perennial ryegrass

Hoskin¹,

Stafford

Barry³

1995

J. Agric. Sci.

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Pure chicory {Cichorium intybus) and perennial ryegrass {Lolium perenne) forages were cut and fed fresh at Palmerston North, New Zealand, during March 1993 to castrated male red deer kept indoors in metabolism crates. Chicory contained lower levels of dry matter, higher levels of ash, and had a higher ratio of readily fermentable: structural carbohydrate than perennial ryegrass. Apparent digestibility of organic matter was highest for chicory (0-81 v. 0-72), but cellulose apparent digestibility was highest for perennial ryegrass (071 v. 0-59). Relative to perennial ryegrass, the rumen fluid of deer fed chicory contained higher concentrations of protozoa, ammonia and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) but had a lower pH at 15.00 h. Chicory-fed deer had higher rumen VFA molar proportions of/i-butyrate and a higher acetate: propionate ratio. Total eating time and chews during feeding/g dry matter intake were similar for deer fed the two forages, but deer fed chicory spent much less time ruminating (33 v. 270 min/day) and had fewer rumination boluses (38 v. 305/day). It was concluded that the low rumination time may indicate rapid disintegration of chicory in the rumen to < 1 mm critical particle size, and that particle breakdown and rumen fractional outflow rate should be measured in future experiments with deer fed on chicory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Digestion, rumen fermentation and chewing behaviour of red deer fed fresh chicory and perennial ryegrass

Hoskin¹,

Stafford

Barry³

1995

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…Sward height has been shown to be highly correlated with red deer bite volume and bite weight when grazing Sorghum bicolor (Mitchell et al 1991), but the relationship across plants of differing physical structure has not been determined. The higher O M D and greater post-ruminal N digestion of red clover (Ulyatt et al 1976) may be well suited to the digestive tract morphology of the red deer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth responses in red deer calves and hinds grazing red clover, chicory or perennial ryegrass/white clover swards during lactation

et al. 1993

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SUMMARYTwo experiments were conducted at the Massey University Deer Unit, New Zealand in 1990 and 1991 to evaluate the performance of lactating red deer hinds and their calves grazing conventional perennial ryegrass-based pastures, red clover or chicory. In both experiments, hind and calf performance was evaluated from 1 month post-parturition over a 2½ month summer period to weaning at 3½ months of age.In Expt 1, hinds and calves were grazed on low (5·4 kg dry matter (DM)/hd/day), medium (10·8) or high (16·4) allowances of red clover, or on a medium allowance of a conventional ryegrass/white clover sward (9·9 DM/hd/day). In Expt 2, hinds and calves grazed equal DM allowances (12 kg DM/hd/day) of perennial ryegrass/white clover, chicory or red clover.Red clover generally had higher organic matter digestibility (OMD) and higher total N than ryegrass/white clover, and when grazed at equal DM allowances, promoted higher voluntary food intake in the hinds, increased calf growth (430 v. 330 g/day) and increased hind liveweight change. Although decreasing the red clover allowance in Expt 1 slightly but non-significantly decreased hind voluntary food intake and decreased both calf and hind liveweight change, all low red clover values were still consistently higher than all ryegrass/white clover values (P < 0·05). In Expt 2, chicory was of higher OMD and ash content than red clover but N content was lower and similar to ryegrass/white clover. Chicory promoted lower levels of calf liveweight change than red clover but higher than ryegrass/white clover. Hind liveweight change on chicory was lower than on red clover and was similar to ryegrass/white clover. It was concluded that red clover offers potential as a special purpose forage for deer production and that further experimental work is needed with chicory.

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“…These include leaner lambs grazing Lotus pedunculatus than white clover (Purchas & Keogh 1984), increased wool growth in sheep fed sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) than sulla with PEG (Terrill et al 19926), the absence of bloat in cattle (McWilliam 1973) and reduced effects of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep (Niezen et al 1993). Many of these benefits have been obtained with either sainfoin or Lotus corniculatus (Thomson et al 1971;Reid et al 1974;Ulyatt et al 1976;Egan & Ulyatt 1980;Waghorn et al 1987aWaghorn et al , 1990 and to a lesser extent sulla and Lotus pedunculatus. All are associated with a greater availability and absorption of N or amino acids.…”

Section: Potential Benefits Of Condensed Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of condensed tannins inLotus pedunculatuson its nutritive value for sheep. 2. Nitrogenous aspects

et al. 1994

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S U M M A R YFourteen young wether sheep were fed freshly cut Lotus pedunculatus as a sole diet to examine the effects of condensed tannins (CT; 55 g/kg lotus DM) on nitrogenous aspects of digestion. The experiment was carried out indoors at Palmerston North, New Zealand over 32 days with one group of sheep receiving an intraruminal infusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG; 100 g/day) to preferentially bind CT (PEG group) so that the lotus was essentially 'CT-free'. The other sheep, not given PEG, were termed the 'Tannin' group.The principal effects of CT were to increase the flow of feed nitrogen (N) to the abomasum despite a 12% reduction in DM intake of the Tannin sheep. Rumen microbial N turnover rate was slower in Tannin animals than in those receiving PEG (1-86 v. 2-63/day) but microbial N flux to the abomasum was similar in both treatments. The proportion of N intake disappearing from the rumen was lower in Tannin (013) than in PEG sheep (0-26) and the N digestibility was 0-67 and 0-81 for the respective treatments (P < 0001).The beneficial effects of CT in reducing rumen degradation of feed protein were negated in part by a reduction in fractional absorption of amino acids (AA) from the small intestine. Fractional absorption of essential AA was 0-66 in Tannin and 0-79 in PEG sheep; values for non-essential AA were 0'59 in Tannin and 073 in PEG groups. Amino acid concentrations in blood were similar for both groups, but Tannin sheep had lower plasma urea concentrations, a more rapid plasma urea turnover rate and a higher irreversible loss than those receiving PEG. Growth hormone concentrations in plasma were similar for both treatments.

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The Nutritive Value of Legumes

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Digestion, rumen fermentation and chewing behaviour of red deer fed fresh chicory and perennial ryegrass

Digestion, rumen fermentation and chewing behaviour of red deer fed fresh chicory and perennial ryegrass

Growth responses in red deer calves and hinds grazing red clover, chicory or perennial ryegrass/white clover swards during lactation

Effects of condensed tannins inLotus pedunculatuson its nutritive value for sheep. 2. Nitrogenous aspects

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