The Occurrence of Mycorrhizae in Vascular Epiphytes of Two Costa Rican Rain Forests

Lesica, Peter; Antibus, Robert K.

doi:10.2307/2388535

Cited by 78 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The orchids have a special kind of endomycorrizae where the hyphae of fungi make characteristics pelotons inside cortical cells. The pelotons form intracellular bodies which are digested by their host cells, and are important for plant nutrition (Lesica and Antibus, 1990;Senthilkumar et al, 2000b , 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative anatomy of the absorption roots of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids

Moreira

Isaías

2008

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative anatomy of the absorption roots of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids

Moreira

Isaías

2008

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…Results of the analysis of canopy "soils" indicate that they are rich in organic material and nutrients, mainly NO 3 , NH 4 and PO 4 , which are, however, difficult to assimilate due to acidity and the particular nutrient balance of the medium (Lesica & Antibus 1990;Nadkarni & Matelson 1991). In addition, the surface area of the roots of epiphytic orchids is small in proportion to the biomass of the stems and leaves (Benzing & Ott 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned by Benzing & Friedman (1981), it can be assumed that "a combination of phototrophy and mycotrophy should be an advantage for an epiphyte" (Rasmussen & Whigham 2002;Julou et al 2005;Girlanda et al 2006). Nevertheless, studies on mycorrhizal colonization in mature, epiphytic orchids have presented discrepancies, various authors concluding that mycorrhizal colonization is occasional (Hadley & Williamson 1972;Lesica & Antibus, 1990), whereas more recent studies have indicated systematic colonization in species from Florida, Singapore, Costa Rica and Brazil (Benzing 1982;Goh et al 1992;Rivas-Rossi et al 1998;Pereira et al 2005b). Despite valuable contributions toward the understanding of the importance of mycotrophy in epiphytic orchids, the intensity of colonization has not been sufficiently studied, and one way to do that is to estimate the volume of the root system colonized (Rasmussen & Whigham 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality and mycorrhizal colonization in three species of epiphytic orchids in southeast Mexico

Bertolini

Cruz-Blasi

Damon³

et al. 2014

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Orchids establish symbiosis with Rhizoctonia mycorrhizal fungi, forming the characteristic pelotons within the cells of the root cortex. Under natural conditions, terrestrial and epiphytic orchids have different levels of dependence upon the fungal symbiont, although various authors have mentioned that once orchid plants reach maturity the interaction becomes weaker and intermittent. Recent evidence shows that in some epiphytic orchid species mycorrhization is constant and systematic. In three species of wild orchids from southeast Mexico, we show that mycorrhization is systematically present in roots of different ages, in the wet and dry seasons. We demonstrate that the volume of the root that is colonized depends upon the quantity of rainfall and the diameter of the root, and that rainfall also determines the presence of fresh, undigested pelotons. In very thin roots, mycorrhizal colonization occupies a considerable proportion of the cortex, whereas in thicker roots the proportion of the volume of the root cortex colonized is lower.

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“…En particular, las bromeliáceas epífi tas son uno de los grupos más amenazados, ya que el sistema radical sólo las adhiere al hospedero, y los nutrimentos y el agua necesarios para su crecimiento son absorbidos por las hojas. A diferencia de otros tipos de epífi tas cuyas raíces exploran una mayor área y crecen en sitios con acumulación de suelo rico en nutrimentos (Benzing, 1990;Lesica y Antibus, 1990;Andrade y Nobel, 1996, las bromeliáceas epífi tas dependen en mayor medida de lo que les llega de la atmósfera y lo que se acumule entre sus hojas. Por esto, es primordial entender la respuesta de las bromeliáceas epífi tas, tanto a nivel individual como poblacional, ante las fl uctuaciones ambientales ocasionadas por el cambio climático global y cómo se podrían afectar los ecosistemas en los que se encuentran.…”

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La susceptibilidad de las bromeliáceas epífitas al cambio climático

Cach-Pérez

Andrade²,

Reyes‐García

2014

Bot. Sci.

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Las epífi tas son plantas que crecen sobre otras plantas, como árboles y arbustos, sin tener contacto directo con los haces vasculares de sus hospederos (Lüttge, 1989;Benzing, 1998), y constituyen un componente importante de las comunidades vegetales, principalmente en el trópico. La importancia de las epífi tas radica en su gran diversidad, pues se han estimado alrededor de 30,000 especies. De hecho, en los bosques tropicales, la biomasa epífi ta puede constituir más del 50% de la biomasa foliar y el 10% de todas las especies Resumen: Las bromeliáceas epífi tas son uno de los grupos de plantas más amenazados por el cambio climático global dada su alta sensibilidad a la variación ambiental. En esta revisión se abordan las adaptaciones que poseen las bromeliáceas epífi tas para hacer frente a las condiciones ambientales adversas. Asimismo, para brindar un panorama general de su vulnerabilidad, se describen, con ejemplos, las respuestas fi siológicas de estas plantas (principalmente de bromeliáceas epífi tas en bosques secos de la Península de Yucatán) ante la variación en la disponibilidad de agua, luz y temperatura ambiental, así como cambios en aspectos morfológicos. La información analizada sugiere que las bromeliáceas epífi tas podrían cambiar su distribución o desaparecer de algunas regiones como consecuencia del cambio climático global, lo que repercutiría de manera negativa en los ecosistemas en los que estas plantas habitan, al reducir la introducción de nutrimentos, la disponibilidad de hábitats para animales, así como en la biomasa general de los bosques. Por lo tanto, se sugiere que la investigación actual acerca de la variación morfo-fi siológica de las bromeliáceas epífi tas, en respuesta a la variación ambiental, es fundamental y urgente para generar información que contribuya a la conservación de estas plantas. Palabras clave: bosques secos, metabolismo ácido de las crasuláceas, variación morfo-fi siológica, Yucatán.Abstract: Epiphytic bromeliads are one of the most threatened groups of plants by global climate change due to its high sensitivity to environmental variation. In this review we discuss the adaptations that epiphytic bromeliads have to face adverse environmental conditions. Also, to provide an overview of their vulnerability, we describe with examples, the physiological responses of these plants (mainly epiphytic bromeliads in dry forests of the Yucatan Peninsula) to the variation in water availability, light and environmental temperature, as well as their morphological variation. The data analyzed suggests that epiphytic bromeliads distribution could change or disappear in some regions as a result of global climate change, which could have negative effects on the ecosystems that these plants inhabit, due to reduction in the introduction of nutrients, the availability of habitats for animals as well as in the overall forest biomass. Therefore, we suggest that current research on morpho-physiological variation of epiphytic bromeliads in response to environmental variation is essential an...

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The Occurrence of Mycorrhizae in Vascular Epiphytes of Two Costa Rican Rain Forests

Cited by 78 publications

References 23 publications

Comparative anatomy of the absorption roots of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids

Comparative anatomy of the absorption roots of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids

Seasonality and mycorrhizal colonization in three species of epiphytic orchids in southeast Mexico

La susceptibilidad de las bromeliáceas epífitas al cambio climático

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