The onset and progression of oral potentially malignant disorders in Fanconi anemia patients: Highlighting early detection of oral cancer

Long, Yuanyuan; Li, Chenxi; Zhang, Xiaochen; Ren, Zhenhu; Liu, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jds.2023.06.001

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…Although leukoplakia is considered a premalignant lesion, it is being considered under a broader term for tobacco usage in the form of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Leukoplakia poses a high chance of malignant transformation if the risk factors are not eliminated [ 8 ]. The risk factors for leukoplakia range from tobacco and alcohol usage to chronic irritation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Trends and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Oral Leukoplakia: A Retrospective Analysis From a Single Institution in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Prabhu Venkatesh,

Ramalingam,

Ramani

et al. 2024

Cureus

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BackgroundIndia has a high prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders and malignant transformation. Cases of oral leukoplakia are not commonly encountered, and only a small cohort of patients undergo biopsies for the same. This study aims to assess the various etiological factors causing leukoplakia, the clinical features, histopathological findings, and treatment received by the patients who were histopathologically diagnosed with oral leukoplakia. MethodologyOral leukoplakia cases were included in this study from total biopsy samples received in the oral pathology department. Details were collected from the Dental Information Archival Software of our institution. The period analyzed was from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2023. Relevant clinical and histopathological details were retrieved and tabulated. Statistical analysis (chi-square test) was used to assess the association between the clinicopathological parameters using SPSS software version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) with a significance level set at a p-value <0.05. ResultsA total of 76 oral leukoplakia cases were retrieved from 2,600 biopsy samples. The prevalence of oral leukoplakia was 3.1% to 3.4% for the three years. Leukoplakia was commonly observed in those aged 51 to 60 years (33%). Overall, 21% of the patients with leukoplakia showed severe epithelial dysplasia, 22% showed mild epithelial dysplasia, and 39% showed moderate epithelial dysplasia. Moreover, 30% of the patients presented with leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis and showed varying degrees of epithelial dysplasia. Finally, 45% of the patients were managed conservatively using pharmacotherapy. ConclusionsSevere epithelial dysplasia was commonly associated with oral leukoplakia. Oral submucous fibrosis was also found to be associated with leukoplakia and showed epithelial dysplasia. None of our proliferative verrucous leukoplakia cases showed any association with oral submucous fibrosis. Surgical management was the preferred treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Trends and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Oral Leukoplakia: A Retrospective Analysis From a Single Institution in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Prabhu Venkatesh,

Ramalingam,

Ramani

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Long‐term combination therapy with metformin and oxymetholone in a Fanconi anemia mouse model

Dorrell,

Peters,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Fanconi anemia (FA) is a disease caused by defective deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair that manifests as bone marrow failure, cancer predisposition, and developmental defects. We previously reported that monotherapy with either metformin (MET) or oxymetholone (OXM) improved peripheral blood (PB) counts and the number and functionality of bone marrow hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) number in Fancd2−/− mice. To evaluate whether the combination treatment of these drugs has a synergistic effect to prevent bone marrow failure in FA, we treated cohorts of Fancd2−/− mice and wildtype controls with either MET alone, OXM alone, MET+OXM, or placebo diet from age 3 weeks to 18 months. The OXM treated animals showed modest improvements in blood parameters including platelet count (p = .01) and hemoglobin levels (p < .05). In addition, the percentage of quiescent hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) (LSK [Lin−Sca+c‐Kit+]) was significantly increased (p = .001) by long‐term treatment with MET alone. The combination of metformin and oxymetholone did not result in a significant synergistic effect in any hematopoietic parameter. Gene expression analysis of liver tissue from these animals showed that some of the expression changes caused by Fancd2 deletion were partially normalized by metformin treatment. Importantly, no adverse effects of the individual or combination therapies were observed, despite the long‐term administration. We conclude that androgen therapy is not a contraindication to concurrent metformin administration in clinical trials.Highlights Long‐term coadministration of metformin in combination with oxymetholone is well tolerated by Fancd2−/− mice. Hematopoietic stem cell quiescence in mutant mice was enhanced by treatment with metformin alone. Metformin treatment caused a partial normalization of gene expression in the livers of mutant mice.

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The onset and progression of oral potentially malignant disorders in Fanconi anemia patients: Highlighting early detection of oral cancer

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Epidemiological Trends and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Oral Leukoplakia: A Retrospective Analysis From a Single Institution in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Epidemiological Trends and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Oral Leukoplakia: A Retrospective Analysis From a Single Institution in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Long‐term combination therapy with metformin and oxymetholone in a Fanconi anemia mouse model

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