The origin of anticorrelation for photon bunching on a beam splitter

Abstract

The Copenhagen interpretation, in which the core concepts are Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and nonlocal EPR correlation, has been long discussed. Second-order anticorrelation in a beam splitter represents the origin of these phenomena and cannot be achieved classically. Here, the anticorrelation of nonclassicality in a beam splitter is interpreted using the concept of coherence. Unlike the common understanding of photons having a particle nature, anticorrelation is rooted in the wave nature of coherence optics, described by coherence optics, wherein quantum superposition between two input fields plays a key role. This interpretation may pose fundamental questions about the nature of nonclassicality and pave a road to coherence-based quantum information.

Classical and Quantum Electromagnetic Interferences: What Is the Difference?

“…Hence, it always guarantees g (2) = 0 even in the classical regime. Again, it should be emphasized that the above results from two cancellations: one is between two self-divided terms and the other is between both reflected and transmitted terms shown in (15). Note that [1] assumed that R = −1/ √ 2 and R = T = T = 1/ √ 2, such that, for g (2) = 0, ϕ should be picked in {0, π}.…”

“…Furthermore, the four terms in the first equality describe the four possible scenarios of the simultaneous detection of photons at both outputs, similar to the classical case in Eq. (15). After expanding (in the second equality) and rearranging operators (in the third equality) based on the commutator relation in Eq.…”

“…This effect has spawned a lot of interest in the quantum optics community, and it has been avidly studied. Subsequent theoretical explanation of HOM was given in [11,[13][14][15][16]. HOM has also been studied in plasmons [17], numerically [18], in microwave [19], in atoms [20], in frequency domain [21,22], in Gaussian wave packets [23,24], with and without beam splitters [25,26], as well as in many particle systems [27].…”

Deterministic control of photonic de Broglie waves using coherence optics

“…Unlike most anticorrelation studies based on the statistical nature of light, a deterministic solution has been recently found in a coherence manner for a particular phase relation between two input fields impinging on a BS 6 . Owing to coherence optics with a phase control, the BS-based anticorrelation can be achieved in a simple Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) 6 . One of the first proofs of MZI physics for quantum mechanics was for anticorrelation using single photons 1 .…”

“…are asked and answered in terms of photonic de Broglie waves (PBWs) in a pure coherence framework based on the wave nature of light. Due to the quantum property of linear optics such as a BS or MZI 6 , however, nonclassical light itself does not have to be excluded 1 . Thus, the present paper provides a general conceptual understanding of fundamental quantum physics as well as potential applications of coherence-quantum metrology to overcome single photon-based statistical quantum limitations such as an extremely low rate at the higher-order entangled photon-pair generation and practical difficulties of generating higher-order entangled photon pairs of NOON states [11][12][13][14][15][16] .…”