The origin of luminescence from di[4-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)phenyl]sulfone (DAPSF), a blue light emitter: an X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) study

Abstract

The electronic structure and optical properties of di[4-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)phenyl]sulfone (denoted as DAPSF), a highly efficient fluorophor, have been investigated using X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at excitation energies across the C, N, O K-edges and the sulfur K-edge. The results indicate that the blue luminescence is mainly related to the sulfur functional group.

Spectroscopic Study of Reinforced Cross-Linked Polymeric Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

“…Angle-resolved TEY and FY NEXAFS spectra of the polymeric membranes at the sulfur K-edge are shown in Figure : two peaks appeared in all spectra, the most intense peak (peak 2), with an energy of 2480.1 eV, and the first peak (peak 1) at 2477.3 eV, followed by broad features in the continuum. These spectra are similar to previously reported S1s NEXAFS spectra of sulfone derivatives: poly­(ether sulfone) resin, di­[4-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)­phenyl] sulfone film, and 1,10-sulfonyldibenzene powder . Following the assignment of Behyan et al peak 2 is mostly attributed to the sulfur 1s → σ*­(S–O)/σ*­(S–C) transition and peak 1 is attributed to the sulfur 1s → σ*­(S–O)/σ*­(S–C) transition that mixes with the π*­(C=C) density of the phenyl ring.…”

“…Following the assignment of Behyan et al peak 2 is mostly attributed to the sulfur 1s → σ*­(S–O)/σ*­(S–C) transition and peak 1 is attributed to the sulfur 1s → σ*­(S–O)/σ*­(S–C) transition that mixes with the π*­(C=C) density of the phenyl ring. The shoulder on the lower energy edge of peak 2, mentioned by Behyan et al, was neither observed here in the TEY NEXAFS spectra nor at Calderon and Zhang et al works. Since NEXAFS is a local chemical probe, groups that are electronically isolated from the sulfone groups may not interfere, and based on this, we believe that this is the proper assignment, dominated by contribution of the sulfone bond.…”

“…These spectra are similar to previously reported S1s NEXAFS spectra of sulfone derivatives: poly-(ether sulfone) resin, 30 di[4-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)phenyl] sulfone film, 31 and 1,10-sulfonyldibenzene powder. 32 Following the assignment of Behyan et al 32 32 was neither observed here in the TEY NEXAFS spectra nor at Calderon 30 and Zhang et al 31 works. Since NEXAFS is a local chemical probe, groups that are electronically isolated from the sulfone groups may not interfere, and based on this, we believe that this is the proper assignment, dominated by contribution of the sulfone bond.…”

“…TEY NEXAFS spectra probe the surface of the films, while FY NEXAFS spectra yield information about the bulk composition of the material. The photon energy calibration was performed accordingly to the literature. , Dichroism analysis was conducted by changing the incidence angle of the light beam with respect to the sample surface, ranging from grazing (20°) incident angle, with the electric field vector ( E ) almost perpendicular to the surface, to normal (85 or 90°) incident angle, with E parallel to the surface. A gold grid was used for the normalization of the spectra by monitoring its photon flux.…”

Исследование Особенностей Регистрации Оптического Отклика Рентгеновских Люминофоров Для Рентгеновской Фотодинамической Терапии

“…XEOL-сигнал в комбинации с другими типами рентгеновской спектроскопии, например, околопороговой тонкой структуры XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure) или протяженной тонкой структуры спектров рентгеновского поглощения EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) в последние годы эффективно используется для исследования природы и Оптика и спектроскопия, 2022, том 130, вып. 3 механизмов оптической люминесценции в различных материалах [18][19][20][21][22][23], а также в качестве способа мониторинга радиоактивного повреждения образцов в рентгеноструктурном анализе белков [24] и высвобождения лекарственных препаратов из наноконтейнеров при варьировании кислотности среды (pH-индуцированное высвобождение) [25]. Недавние применения данной методики позволяют проводить исследования в пикосекундном диапазоне [22,26], а также осуществлять картирование по поверхности образца в рамках методики 2D XAFS-XEOL [27,28].…”