2002
DOI: 10.1075/dia.19.1.04mig
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The origin of the copulas (d/n)a and de in the Eastern Maroon Creole

Abstract: Summary It is generally assumed that the copulas (d/n)aanddein the creoles of Suriname emerged due to processes of reanalysis and grammaticalization fromthatandthere, respectively. While Arends (1989) argued that these processes were triggered and guided by substrate influence, McWhorter (1997a) explicitly excludes such influence. Neither of the two studies is conclusive, however, since they did not examine in sufficient detail relevant data from the primary substrate input. The aim of the present study is to … Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…The model for this was the fact that principal substrate languages such as Gbe employed the same item as both a locative copula and a marker of Progressive aspect. When substrate speakers were confronted with English sentences such as John there (in the yard), they established an interlingual identification between this there (pronounced /de/) and their L1 locative/existential copulas, leading to the reanalysis just described (Migge 2002, Winford 2003. This process occurred to varying extents in different creoles, and was carried to an extreme in the more "radical" creoles, such as those in Suriname.…”
Section: Abstract Lexical Structure and Contact-induced Changementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The model for this was the fact that principal substrate languages such as Gbe employed the same item as both a locative copula and a marker of Progressive aspect. When substrate speakers were confronted with English sentences such as John there (in the yard), they established an interlingual identification between this there (pronounced /de/) and their L1 locative/existential copulas, leading to the reanalysis just described (Migge 2002, Winford 2003. This process occurred to varying extents in different creoles, and was carried to an extreme in the more "radical" creoles, such as those in Suriname.…”
Section: Abstract Lexical Structure and Contact-induced Changementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Research on the Surinamese creoles in particular has addressed the role of substrate languages in areas such as serial verb constructions (McWhorter, 1992;Migge, 1998), copular-type constructions and adjectival-like predication (Migge, 2000(Migge, , 2002, predicate reduplication (Migge, 2003), tense, mood and aspect systems (Migge and Winford, 2009;Winford and Migge, 2007;Migge, 2006;Winford, 2006), locative constructions (Essegbey, 2005), certain kinds of complementation (Plag, 1995;Lefebvre and Loranger, 2006;Aboh 2006), focus constructions (Smith, 2006), semantic structures Huttar et al, 2007;Smith, 1987). These studies have provided many important insights into the relationship between Gbe languages and the Surinamese Creoles.…”
Section: Previous Studies Of Substrate Influence In the Surinamese Crmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is quite surprising given that other creole functional elements (e.g. equative copula) have been found to originate from this kind of 'secondary construction' in the superstrate and/or the substrate (Migge 2002). Lefebvre's account explicitly acknowledges that French secondary constructions were involved in the emergence of the (lexical form of the) Haitian TMA markers but she does not discuss such constructions for Fongbe or Haitian.…”
mentioning
confidence: 83%
“…2 The study focuses on varieties of Gbe (Aja, Waci, Gen, Xwela, Xwla, Maxi) because both sociohistorical evidence (Arends 1995) and linguistic evidence (Migge 1998a(Migge & b, 2000(Migge , 2002(Migge , 2003Smith 2001) suggest that speakers of Gbe played an important role in the formation of the plantation varieties from which all modern creoles of Suriname descend.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%