The origin, properties and fate of epithelioid cells

Papadimitriou, John; Spector, W. G.

doi:10.1002/path.1711050305

Cited by 161 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…The transformation of mammalian monocytes into epithelioid cells is well documented in vivo (Papadimitriou & Spector 1971, Adams 1974, Browett et al 1979, and has been demonstrated in vitro for avian monocytes (Sutton & Weiss 1966). Whether piscine epithelioid cells derive from the same lineage is less clear, especially considering their unusual capability to elaborate desmosomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mammalian epithelioid cells in BCG granulomas have reduced phagocytic capacity, but retain a pinocytic and excretory capability, the ability to synthesize DNA and RNA, and the ability to divide (Papadimitriou & Spector 1971. The maintenance of endosomes, ER, Golgi apparatus and numerous mitochondria in the epithelioid cells of striped bass granulomas indicates that they may also play an active role in granuloma maintenance and function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitotic figures among epithelioid cells or granulomaassociated macrophages were rare histologically and were not observed ultrastructurally in the present study. Papadimitriou & Spector (1971) have described epithelioid cell division as asymmetric cytokinesis resulting in an immature-appearing daughter macrophage. No immature-appearing cells were observed among the epithelioid cell layers in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Granuloma morphology varies widely, depending on eliciting agent, host species and other factors, but lesions are typically organized in concentric cellular layers, with a central region of macrophages surrounded by a collar of various other inflammatory cells. Macrophages in the interior of the granuloma differentiate into characteristic forms known as epithelioid (epithelial-like) cells (Sutton & Weiss 1966, Papadimitriou & Spector 1971. Epithelioid cells appear by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining as polygonal cells with large, pale nuclei and eosinophilic, faintly granular cytoplasm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, desmosome formation appears to be a primitive characteristic of macrophages. Whether the human macrophage and the functionally and morphologically analogous cell termed 'macrophage' in fishes arise from an homologous lineage, however, remains to be determined.Mammalian epithelioid cells in BCG granulomas have reduced phagocytic capacity, but retain a pinocytic and excretory capability, the ability to synthesize DNA and RNA, and the ability to divide (Papadimitriou & Spector 1971. The maintenance of endosomes, ER, Golgi apparatus and numerous mitochondria in the epithelioid cells of striped bass granulomas indicates that they may also play an active role in granuloma maintenance and function.…”

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Ultrastructure of Mycobacterium marinum granuloma in striped bass Morone saxatilis

Gauthier

Vogelbein²,

Ottinger³

2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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An emerging epizootic of mycobacteriosis currently threatens striped bass Morone saxatilis populations in Chesapeake Bay, USA. Several species of mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium marinum, species resembling M. avium, M. gordonae, M. peregrinum, M. scrofulaceum and M. terrae, and the new species M. shottsii have been isolated from diseased and healthy bass. In this study, we describe the ultrastructure of developing M. marinum granulomas in experimentally infected bass over a period of 45 wk. The primary host response to injected mycobacteria was formation of large macrophage aggregations containing phagocytosed bacilli. M. marinum were always contained within phagosomes. Close association of lysosomes with mycobacterial phagosomes, as well as the presence of electron-opaque material within phagosomes, suggested phagolysosomal fusion. Development of granulomas involved epithelioid transformation of macrophages, followed by appearance of central necrosis. Desmosomes were present between mature epithelioid cells. The necrotic core region of M. marinum granulomas was separated from overlying epithelioid cells by several layers of flattened, electron-opaque spindle-shaped cells. These cells appeared to be formed by compression of epithelioid cells and, aside from a flattened nucleus, did not possess recognizable organelles. Following the development of well-defined, paucibacillary granulomas, secondary disease was observed. Recrudescence was marked by bacterial replication followed by disruption of granuloma architecture, including loss of epithelioid and spindle cell layers. In advanced recrudescent lesions, normal tissue was replaced by macrophages, fibroblasts, and other inflammatory leukocytes. Large numbers of mycobacteria were observed, both intracellular and suspended in cellular debris. KEY WORDS: Mycobacteriosis · Striped bass · Morone saxatilis · Mycobacterium marinum · Granuloma · Ultrastructure Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 62: [121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132] 2004 body granulomas are composed of a solid mass of epithelioid cells and giant cells, with the eliciting agent often visible in the center. The other major granuloma type, the immune granuloma, is formed in response to insoluble particles that stimulate a cell-mediated immune response, such as mycobacteria. Cytokines produced by T cells, such as IL-12 and interferon-γ, play an important role in formation and maintenance of immune granulomas (Cooper et al. 1993, Ehlers et al. 2000. A prominent feature of immune granulomas produced by mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis is caseous necrosis in the lesion core, which produces a highly acidic, anoxic environment that may serve to degrade otherwise refractory bacilli.The structure and development of mycobacterial granulomas in mammals, especially those produced in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and BCG (attenuated M. bovis), have been described (Papadimitriou & Spector 1972, Ad...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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