P‐glycoproteins can cause multidrug resistance in mammalian tumor cells by active extrusion of cytotoxic drugs. The natural function of these evolutionarily conserved, membrane‐bound ATP binding transport proteins is unknown. In mammals, P‐glycoproteins are abundantly present in organs associated with the digestive tract. We have studied the tissue‐specific expression of Caenorhabditis elegans P‐glycoprotein genes pgp‐1 and pgp‐3 by transformation of nematodes with pgp‐lacZ gene fusion constructs in which the promoter area of the pgp genes was fused to the coding region of lacZ. Expression of pgp‐1 and pgp‐3, as inferred from pgp‐lacZ transgenic nematodes, was confined to the intestinal cells. The expression patterns of both genes were virtually indistinguishable. Quantitative analysis of pgp mRNA levels during development showed that pgp‐1, −2, and −3 were expressed throughout the life cycle of C.elegans, albeit with some variation indicating developmental regulation. The expression of P‐glycoprotein genes in intestinal cells is an evolutionarily conserved feature of these genes, consistent with the hypothesis that P‐glycoproteins provide a mechanism of protection against environmental toxins.