The Paleolithic of Maritime Northeast Asia and the Search for Maritime Beringians

Fitzhugh, Ben

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-1118-7_15

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Archaeologically, the evidence for specialized maritime technologies and practices appears in the Holocene, though indirect evidence suggests possible maritime living during the last glacial maximum as well (Fitzhugh, 2022a). Coastal settlement is evident by the early Holocene in the subarctic Northeast Pacific (southern Alaska), later in the subarctic Northwest Pacific (Sea of Okhotsk), and finally in the Arctic (Bering and Chukchi Sea) regions (Fitzhugh, 2016, 2022b) ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

et al. 2022

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Using 14 proxy human population time series from around the North Pacific (Alaska, Hokkaido and the Kuril Islands), we evaluate the possibility that the North Pacific climate and marine ecosystem includes a millennial-scale regime shift cycle affecting subsistence and migration. We develop both visual and statistical methods for addressing questions about relative population growth and movement in the past. We introduce and explore the use of a Time Iterative Moran I (TIMI) spatial autocorrelation method to compare time series trends quantitatively – a method that could prove useful in other paleoecological analyses. Results reveal considerable population dynamism around the North Pacific in the last 5000 years and strengthen a previously reported inverse correlation between Northeast and Northwest Pacific proxy population indices. Visual and TIMI analyses suggest multiple, overlapping explanations for the variability, including the potential that oscillating ecological regime shifts affect the North Pacific basin. These results provide an opening for coordinated research to unpack the interrelated social, cultural and environmental dynamics around the subarctic and arctic North Pacific at different spatial and temporal scales by international teams of archaeologists, historians, paleoecologists, paleoceanographers, paleoclimatologists, modelers and data management specialists.

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confidence: 99%

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

et al. 2022

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Ice and ocean constraints on early human migrations into North America along the Pacific coast

Praetorius

Alder

Condron

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Founding populations of the first Americans likely occupied parts of Beringia during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The timing, pathways, and modes of their southward transit remain unknown, but blockage of the interior route by North American ice sheets between ~26 and 14 cal kyr BP (ka) favors a coastal route during this period. Using models and paleoceanographic data from the North Pacific, we identify climatically favorable intervals when humans could have plausibly traversed the Cordilleran coastal corridor during the terminal Pleistocene. Model simulations suggest that northward coastal currents strengthened during the LGM and at times of enhanced freshwater input, making southward transit by boat more difficult. Repeated Cordilleran glacial-calving events would have further challenged coastal transit on land and at sea. Following these events, ice-free coastal areas opened and seasonal sea ice was present along the Alaskan margin until at least 15 ka. Given evidence for humans south of the ice sheets by 16 ka and possibly earlier, we posit that early people may have taken advantage of winter sea ice that connected islands and coastal refugia. Marine ice-edge habitats offer a rich food supply and traversing coastal sea ice could have mitigated the difficulty of traveling southward in watercraft or on land over glaciers. We identify 24.5 to 22 ka and 16.4 to 14.8 ka as environmentally favorable time periods for coastal migration, when climate conditions provided both winter sea ice and ice-free summer conditions that facilitated year-round marine resource diversity and multiple modes of mobility along the North Pacific coast.

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Genetic Features of Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Arctic Peoples

Malyarchuk

2024

Biochemistry Moscow

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The Paleolithic of Maritime Northeast Asia and the Search for Maritime Beringians

Cited by 3 publications

References 78 publications

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

Ice and ocean constraints on early human migrations into North America along the Pacific coast

Genetic Features of Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Arctic Peoples

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