The Pantelleria caldera geothermal system: Data from the hydrothermal minerals

Fulignati, Paolo; Malfitano, Giuseppe; Sbrana, Alessandro

doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(96)00066-2

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The compositions of the altered material used in the modeling (Table 1) included: (1) microprobe data for alteration phases in samples from the basaltic basement beneath the floor of the Lonar impact crater (Hagerty and Newsom, 2003), (2) unpublished microprobe data for the Mistastin crater melt sheet, (3) published data from the volcanic systems of Pantelleria, Italy (Fulignati et al, 1997) and the NJ-15 Nesjavellir drill hole in Iceland (Schiffman and Fridleifsson, 1991), and (4) published palagonite data from various locations (Stroncik and Schmincke, 2000;Jercinovic et al, 1990). Also included are average basalt compositions from Lonar (Stroube et al, 1978) and Iceland (Fitton et al, 2003) to compare with alteration clays and identify any trends that may be similar to martian trends.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathfinder soil mean (Wänke, 2001), Lonar basalt (Stroube et al, 1978) and smectite (Newsom et al, 2002), and Iceland basalt (Fitton et al, 2003) and smectite (Schiffman and Fridleifsson, 1991) were plotted to compare Fe, Mg (A), and Ca (B) alteration trends of terrestrial basalts to those of the Mars soil. work on samples from the Lonar and Mistastin craters, and data for other terrestrial hydrothermal systems, suggests that hydrothermal processes can produce alteration clays that, when compared to reasonable protolith compositions, are FeO and MgO rich, and CaO poor (Hagerty and Newsom, 2003;Fulignati et al, 1997;Schiffman and Fridleifsson, 1991). We will show, using quantitative least square mixing models, that these FeOand MgO-rich, CaO-poor hydrothermal alteration products of basaltic materials could be a component of the soils reported at the Viking, Pathfinder, and MER landing sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incipient hydrothermal alteration of basalts and the origin of martian soil

Nelson¹,

Newsom²,

Draper³

2005

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incipient hydrothermal alteration of basalts and the origin of martian soil

Nelson¹,

Newsom²,

Draper³

2005

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…5e and f) model runs. Of particular relevance are the disappearance of kaolinite, zeolite and smectite (as beidellite), and the formation of newer clay minerals typical of phyllitic and propylitic alteration assemblages (Fulignati et al, 1997;Ambrosio et al, 2010), including Mg-rich chlorite (stable in both 180 and 260°C model runs) and potassic illite (in 180°C simulations). Illite is replaced by secondary K-feldspar in 260°C model runs, and either one of the two K-bearing minerals remains stable until the end of the simulations, in coexistence with albite.…”

Section: Secondary Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative models of hydrothermal fluid–mineral reaction: The Ischia case

Napoli

Federico

Aiuppa

et al. 2013

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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The intricate pathways of fluid-mineral reactions occurring underneath active hydrothermal systems are explored in this study by applying reaction path modelling to the Ischia case study. Ischia Island, in Southern Italy, hosts a well-developed and structurally complex hydrothermal system which, because of its heterogeneity in chemical and physical properties, is an ideal test sites for evaluating potentialities/limitations of quantitative geochemical models of hydrothermal reactions. We used the EQ3/6 software package, version 7.2b, to model reaction of infiltrating waters (mixtures of meteoric water and seawater in variable proportions) with Ischia's reservoir rocks (the Mount Epomeo Green Tuff units; MEGT). The mineral assemblage and composition of such MEGT units were initially characterised by ad hoc designed optical microscopy and electron microprobe analysis, showing that phenocrysts (dominantly alkali-feldspars and plagioclase) are set in a pervasively altered (with abundant clay minerals and zeolites) groundmass. Reaction of infiltrating waters with MEGT minerals was simulated over a range of realistic (for Ischia) temperatures (95-260°C) and CO 2 fugacities (10 À0.2 to 10 0.5 ) bar. During the model runs, a set of secondary minerals (selected based on independent information from alteration minerals' studies) was allowed to precipitate from model solutions, when saturation was achieved. The compositional evolution of model solutions obtained in the 95-260°C runs were finally compared with compositions of Ischia's thermal groundwaters, demonstrating an overall agreement. Our simulations, in particular, well reproduce the Mg-depleting maturation path of hydrothermal solutions, and have end-ofrun model solutions whose Na-K-Mg compositions well reflect attainment of full-equilibrium conditions at run temperature. High-temperature (180-260°C) model runs are those best matching the Na-K-Mg compositions of Ischia's most chemically mature water samples, supporting quenching of deep-reservoir conditions for these surface manifestations; whilst Fe, SiO 2 and, to a lesser extent, SO 4 contents of natural samples are better reproduced in low-temperature (95°C) runs, suggesting that these species reflect conditions of water-rock interaction in the shallow hydrothermal environment. The ability of model runs to reproduce the compositional features of Ischia's thermal manifestations, demonstrated here, adds supplementary confidence on reaction path modelling as a realistic and insightful representation of mineral-fluid hydrothermal reactions. Our results, in particular, demonstrate the significant impact of host rock minerals' assemblage in governing the paths and trends of hydrothermal fluids' maturation.

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“…Deep fluid intruded into the basin through breakage or magmatism, and flowed into the carbonate rock to form a unique mineral sequence [58,59] . The undeniable fact is that volcanic activity is the important reason for thermal fluid activities, and the major basement fault is the source of magma intrusion [60][61][62][63][64] , controlling the deep fluid in terms of the time and spatial distribution [65] .…”

Section: Alteration Of Deep Fluid On Carbonate Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon accumulation in deep fluid modified carbonate rock in the Tarim Basin

et al. 2007

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The activities of deep fluid are regionalized in the Tarim Basin. By analyzing the REE in core samples and crude oil, carbon isotope of carbon dioxide and inclusion temperature measurement in the west of the Tazhong Uplift in the western Tarim Basin, all the evidence confirms the existence of deep fluid. The deep fluid below the basin floor moved up into the basin through discordogenic fault and volcanicity to cause corrosion and metasomatosis of carbonate rock by exchange of matter and energy. The pore structure and permeability of the carbonate reservoirs were improved, making the carbonate reservoirs an excellent type of deeply buried modification. The fluorite ore belts discovered along the large fault and the volcanic area in the west of the Tazhong Uplift are the outcome of deep fluid action. Such carbonate reservoirs are the main type of reservoirs in the Tazhong 45 oilfield. The carbonate reservoirs in well YM 7 are improved obviously by thermal fluid dolomitization. The origin and territory of deep fluid are associated with the discordogenic fault and volcanicity in the basin. The discordogenic fault and volcanic area may be the pointer of looking for the deep fluid modified reservoirs. The primary characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation in deep fluid reconstructed carbonate rock are summarized as accumulation near the large fault and volcano passage, late-period hydrocarbon accumulation after volcanic activity, and subtle trap reservoirs controlled by lithology. deep fluid, carbonate rock, hydrocarbon accumulation, the Tarim Basin.

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The Pantelleria caldera geothermal system: Data from the hydrothermal minerals

Cited by 56 publications

References 27 publications

Incipient hydrothermal alteration of basalts and the origin of martian soil

Incipient hydrothermal alteration of basalts and the origin of martian soil

Quantitative models of hydrothermal fluid–mineral reaction: The Ischia case

Hydrocarbon accumulation in deep fluid modified carbonate rock in the Tarim Basin

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