The paradox of irrigation scheme modernization: more efficient water use linked to higher energy demand

Díaz, J.A. Rodríguez; Pérez-Urrestarazu, Luis; Poyato, Emilio Camacho; Montesinos, Philippe

doi:10.5424/sjar/20110904-492-10

Cited by 85 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Current technologies for economic analyses of water use in agriculture provide irrigation specialists with a wide variety of tools to choose the best irrigation approach and to achieve a sustainable balance between production and environmental impact [243][244][245]. Such analyses are particularly important in a context of precision irrigation, to obtain the maximum benefits of the involved technology.…”

Section: Choosing the Right Production Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Methods for Irrigation Scheduling of Woody Crops

Fernández

2017

Horticulturae

139

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Abstract:The increasing world population and expected climate scenarios impel the agricultural sector towards a more efficient use of water. The scientific community is responding to that challenge by developing a variety of methods and technologies to increase crop water productivity. Precision irrigation is intended to achieve that purpose, through the wise choice of the irrigation system, the irrigation strategy, the method to schedule irrigation, and the production target. In this review, the relevance of precision irrigation for a rational use of water in agriculture, and methods related to the use of plant-based measurements for both the assessment of plant water stress and irrigation scheduling, are considered. These include non-automated, conventional methods based on manual records of plant water status and gas exchange, and automated methods where the related variable is recorded continuously and automatically. Thus, the use of methodologies based on the Scholander chamber and portable gas analysers, as well as those of systems for measuring sap flow, stem diameter variation and leaf turgor pressure, are reviewed. Other methods less used but with a potential to improve irrigation are also considered. These include those based on measurements related to the stem and leaf water content, and to changes in electrical potential within the plant. The use of measurements related to canopy temperature, both for direct assessment of water stress and for defining zones with different irrigation requirements, is also addressed. Finally, the importance of choosing the production target wisely, and the need for economic analyses to obtain maximum benefit of the technology related to precision irrigation, are outlined.

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Section: Choosing the Right Production Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Methods for Irrigation Scheduling of Woody Crops

Fernández

2017

Horticulturae

139

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“…Rodríguez-Díaz et al (2011) han aportado datos de campo que sustentan esta reflexión, a partir de un estudio realizado en la cuenca del Bembézar (Córdoba). Allí, han observado un incremento de los costes energéticos de resultas de la transformación a riego presurizado, hasta alcanzar el 40% de los costes del riego.…”

Section: Los Efectos De La Presurización De Los Sistemas De Riegounclassified

Las políticas de implantación del riego localizado. Efectos en las entidades de riego de la Comunidad Valenciana

Ibor¹,

Mollá²,

Reus³

2016

BAGE

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RESUMENDurante los últimos treinta años, las administraciones públicas y las entidades de riego han efectuado un importante esfuerzo destinado a modernizar los regadíos valencianos. Esta política hidráulica, consecuencia de la adopción de un modelo de gestión de la demanda, se ha materializado en una importante expansión del riego por goteo. El artículo analiza, a partir de diversas entrevistas, los efectos de la modernización sobre unas entidades de riego que han experimentado cambios en la eficiencia del riego, organización, usos y costos de agua.Palabras clave: regadíos, modernización, riego por goteo, gestión de la demanda, polí-tica hidráulica. ABSTRACTDuring the last 30 years, regional and central administrations and farmers have done an important financial effort in order to promote irrigation modernization in the Valencia Region. This policy, a corollary of a National investment on demand management, has been materialized in an important expansion of drip irrigation techniques.

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“…In this respect, Corominas (2009) points out that, while water use per hectare was reduced by 21% from 1950 to 2007, the energy demand increased by 657%, from 206 to 1560 kWh ha -1 year -1 . Several studies (Pulido-Calvo et al, 2003;Vieira & Ramos, 2009;Daccache et al, 2010;Rodríguez-Díaz et al, 2011) An approach to costs and energy consumption in private urban Spanish Mediterranean landscapes from a simplified model in sprinkle irrigation…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An approach to costs and energy consumption in private urban Spanish Mediterranean landscapes from a simplified model in sprinkle irrigation

Arbat

Pujol

Pelegrí³

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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The number of private gardens has increased in recent years, creating a more pleasant urban model, but not without having an environmental impact, including increased energy consumption, which is the focus of this study. The estimation of costs and energy consumption for the generic typology of private urban gardens is based on two simplifying assumptions: square geometry with surface areas from 25 to 500 m2 and hydraulic design with a single pipe. In total, eight sprinkler models have been considered, along with their possible working pressures, and 31 pumping units grouped into 5 series that adequately cover the range of required flow rates and pressures, resulting in 495 hydraulic designs repeated for two climatically different locations in the Spanish Mediterranean area (Girona and Elche). Mean total irrigation costs for the locality with lower water needs (Girona) and greater needs (Elche) were € 2,974 ha-1 yr-1 and € 3,383 ha-1 yr-1, respectively. Energy costs accounted for 11.4% of the total cost for the first location, and 23.0% for the second. While a suitable choice of the hydraulic elements of the setup is essential, as it may provide average energy savings of 77%, due to the low energy cost in relation to the cost of installation, the potential energy savings do not constitute a significant incentive for the irrigation system design. The low efficiency of the pumping units used in this type of garden is the biggest obstacle and constraint to achieving a high quality energy solution.

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The paradox of irrigation scheme modernization: more efficient water use linked to higher energy demand

Cited by 85 publications

References 26 publications

Plant-Based Methods for Irrigation Scheduling of Woody Crops

Plant-Based Methods for Irrigation Scheduling of Woody Crops

Las políticas de implantación del riego localizado. Efectos en las entidades de riego de la Comunidad Valenciana

An approach to costs and energy consumption in private urban Spanish Mediterranean landscapes from a simplified model in sprinkle irrigation

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