The Path of the Transpiration-Current

Dixon, Henry H.; Joly, J

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090745

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…∆ψ in our application of this model includes the effect of gravity because physiological and architectural behavior responds to the net effect of the soil-to-leaf water potential difference as regulated by leaf and soil water potential and the gravitational constraint on minimum leaf water potential. This model is consistent with both the cohesion-tension theory (Dixon and Joly 1895;Zimmermann 1983) and the concept of the development of a homeostatic mechanism to reduce the occurrence of cavitation and avoid runaway embolism (Tyree and Sperry 1988). Such a homeostatic response may occur via short-term (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The relationship between tree height and leaf area: sapwood area ratio

et al. 2002

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The leaf area to sapwood area ratio (A :A) of trees has been hypothesized to decrease as trees become older and taller. Theory suggests that A :A must decrease to maintain leaf-specific hydraulic sufficiency as path length, gravity, and tortuosity constrain whole-plant hydraulic conductance. We tested the hypothesis that A :A declines with tree height. Whole-tree A :A was measured on 15 individuals of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) ranging in height from 13 to 62 m (aged 20-450 years). A :A declined substantially as height increased (P=0.02). Our test of the hypothesis that A :A declines with tree height was extended using a combination of original and published data on nine species across a range of maximum heights and climates. Meta-analysis of 13 whole-tree studies revealed a consistent and significant reduction in A :A with increasing height (P<0.05). However, two species (Picea abies and Abies balsamea) exhibited an increase in A :A with height, although the reason for this is not clear. The slope of the relationship between A :A and tree height (ΔA :A/Δh) was unrelated to mean annual precipitation. Maximum potential height was positively correlated with ΔA :A/Δh. The decrease in A :A with increasing tree size that we observed in the majority of species may be a homeostatic mechanism that partially compensates for decreased hydraulic conductance as trees grow in height.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The relationship between tree height and leaf area: sapwood area ratio

et al. 2002

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“…During transpiration, the water potential of leaves falls below that of the soil, and water flows passively along this water potential gradient in the non-living tubes of the xylem. water potentials are analogous to electrical potentials (Dixon and Joly, 1895) in the sense that Ψ gradients determine water flow through the resistive hydraulic system in the same way that electrical resistors affect current flow produced by electrical potential gradients (Box 11.2, Eq. 3).…”

Section: Link Between Water Transport and Photosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving water transport for carbon gain in crops

2015

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“…The idea that tension is created by the force of transpiration and actually causes the movement of water upward from the roots throughout the plant was first put forward by Eugen Askenasy (Weevers and Went, 1949). Dixon and Joly (1895) substantially promoted the tension cohesion theory, and it is now well recognized (Steudle, 2001). Strong tension on xylem water sometimes even breaks the cohesion of water molecules interrupting water flow by causing cavitation (an air bubble in the xylem water column).…”

Section: Osmosis Tension and Transpiration: The Soil Plant And Atmentioning

confidence: 99%