The Pathogenicity of <i>Actinomyces naeslundii</i> is associated with polymicrobial interactions: A systematic review

Rismayuddin, Nurul Alia Risma; Kamaluddin, Wan Nur Fatihah Wan Mohd; Arzmi, Mohd Hafiz; Ismail, Ahmad Faisal; Aidid, Edre Mohammad; Othman, Noratikah

doi:10.4103/sdj.sdj_31_20

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2023

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“…Perhaps this may be explained by an increased adherence interactions 27. Another suggested mechanism may be through the involvement of the cytokines and the interleukins, which play an important role in inflammation and cell development 28…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinomycosis withFusobacteriumempyema

Sykes,

Barik,

Kastelik

2023

BMJ Case Rep

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Actinomyces, are gram-positive, non-spore forming anaerobic or microaerophilic species. Empyema due to actinomycosis is relatively rare and can be difficult to diagnose as the presenting symptoms may be indolent and the micro-organism may be difficult to culture. This case report describes a patient presenting with dyspnoea, weight loss and lethargy. The chest radiograph, CT and thoracic ultrasound revealed a left-sided pleural effusion. A chest drain was inserted under ultrasound guidance. The pleural fluid was macroscopically consistent with pus and microbiology showed growth of gram-positive bacilli,Actinomyces meyerias well as theFusobacteriumspecies. The patient was treated with a drainage of the pleural fluid, a prolonged course of antibiotics and made a good recovery. The awareness that theActinomycesspecies and theFusobacteriumspecies through their synergistic interaction may cause empyema, may lead to a timely diagnosis and treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%