The Pattern of Stability and Change in Parental Locus of Control Over 6 Years and Teacher Ratings of Child Behavior

Nowicki, Stephen; Gregory, Steven; Ellis, Genette; Iles-Caven, Yasmin; Golding, Jean

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01427

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…If it does and the results of the present study are confirmed by others, then focusing on the LOC of parents becomes important. Previous studies have found that parental externality is associated with negative children's outcomes, but also that children's difficulties are reduced when parents become more internal (Nowicki et al, 2018a;Nowicki et al, 2018b). This suggests that time could be spent helping parents to become more appropriately internal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Though relatively few LOC studies have focused on parents and parenting, one consistent result has been found: externality in one or both parents has been associated with more negative outcomes in the children, whether the outcomes were measured in preschool (e.g., Estroff et al, 1994); preadolescent or adolescent participants (e.g., Freed & Tompson, 2011). While cause and effect are difficult to determine, we (Nowicki et al, 2018a) found that parents who became more external over a six-year period had children with a greater number of teacher-rated difficulties on the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) (Goodman, 2001) than those who were external but became internal over time. Such a result suggests that parental changes in LOC may affect their children's behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental locus of control and the failure to obtain a child diagnosis: a longitudinal cohort study

Nowicki

Rai²,

Gregory³

et al. 2020

Wellcome Open Res

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Background: Data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) were analysed to investigate associations between parents’ locus of control (LOC) and their use of their children’s symptoms to pursue a diagnosis of autism. Methods: Comparison of parental LOC obtained prenatally with various aspects of the child’s (<12 years) development, used the prevalence of four autistic traits, to ascertain the likelihood that they qualified for an autism diagnosis. Results: Parents with an external LOC had children who were more likely to demonstrate extreme levels of each of the four autistic traits (e.g. for social communication 8.9% of offspring of internal LOC versus 12.3% of external LOC mothers; P<0.0001). However, the rate of autism diagnosis was considerably greater if the mother was internal compared to external (13.3 v 9.6 per 1000). To determine whether the difference was autism specific, we compared parental LOC with children diagnosed with dyslexia and those with reading impairments. Although externals’ children had more reading impairment indicators than internals, this was not reflected by them being more likely to be diagnosed as dyslexic. Conclusions: We conclude that children of parents with an externally oriented LOC may be less likely to be diagnosed appropriately than children of internally oriented parents. Interventions to increase parental internality may improve the likelihood of appropriate diagnoses and hence an improvement in child well-being.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental locus of control and the failure to obtain a child diagnosis: a longitudinal cohort study

Nowicki

Rai²,

Gregory³

et al. 2020

Wellcome Open Res

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“…For example, Elkins et al (2017) found that long term difficulties rather than single events appeared to be associated with changes in LOC as measured by items from Pearlin and Schooler’s Mastery module. In addition, other research ( Nowicki et al, 2018b ) found that changes toward greater parent externality were associated with children having more teacher reported difficulties, while transitions to greater parent internality were characterized by fewer ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Stability of, and Associations Between, Parent and Child Locus of Control Expectancies

et al. 2018

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The purpose of the present study was to assess the stability of locus of control (LOC) scores over time using data gathered from tests constructed to be consistent with Rotter’s definition of LOC. We compared LOC scores of parents (measured prior to the birth of the index child and at 6 and 18 years later) and their offspring (at ages 8 and 16) to explore how stable adult and child LOC was over time and to see how parental LOC was associated with the LOC of the child aged 8 and again at 16. Locus of control was measured using modified versions of adult (ANSIE, Nowicki and Duke, 1974) and child (CNSIE, Nowicki and Strickland, 1973) LOC scales, administered to participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children in the United Kingdom. We predicted that: (1) adult scores would be more stable than children’s and (2) parents’ and children’s LOC scores would be related to one another. Analyses of the data found that individual’s LOC scores were significantly associated over time, with adult scores (r ∼ 0.50) more highly correlated than children’s (r ∼ 0.20). Correlations suggest more stability for adults than children, but also indicate the occurrence of substantial change across time. Although statistically significant, correlations between family members were small at both childhood and adolescent time points. Additional analyses suggested that mother and father LOC scores were more highly correlated with opposite rather than with same sex children, but again though significant the coefficients were small. We also analyzed the binary outcomes of externality to assess parental contributions to externality in the 8 and 16-year-old children and found correlations were significant, but small. Possible explanations are offered for why the associations between parent and child LOC were not higher. We concluded that researchers need to focus more on clarifying how children’s LOC is acquired.

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“…Oprócz środowiska szkolnego ważnym czynnikiem wpływającym na rozwój poczucia kontroli jest dom rodzinny, w tym postawy wychowawcze oraz cechy osobowości rodziców. Wskazuje się, że dzieci rodziców, którzy charakteryzują się wewnętrznym poczuciem kontroli, są również predysponowane do przejawiania wewnętrznego poczucia kontroli (Nowicki i in., 2017;Nowicki, Gregory, Ellis, Iles-Caven, Golding, 2018). Badania z udziałem młodszych adolescentów wykazały także, że postawa akceptacji i zainteresowanie sprawami dziecka sprzyjają kształtowaniu się u niego wewnętrznego poczucia kontroli (Morton, Mann, 1998).…”

Section: Poczucie Kontroli W Perspektywie Rozwojowejunclassified

Początki bywają trudne. Zmiany rozwojowe poczucia kontroli wśród uczniów w okresie wczesnej adolescencji doświadczających transformacji systemu edukacji w Polsce

Łubianka

Filipiak

2020

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<p>Celem artykułu było przedstawienie wyników i wniosków z badań dotyczących zmian rozwojowych poczucia kontroli wśród współczesnej młodzieży w okresie wczesnej adolescencji doświadczającej przekształceń systemu edukacji w Polsce. Analizy stanowią podsumowanie pierwszych dwóch, z zaplanowanych trzech, etapów badań podłużnych. Prezentowane wyniki odnoszą się do powtarzanego co rok pomiaru poczucia kontroli w dwóch grupach uczniów: rocznika ze szkół podstawowych, który jako pierwszy realizuje wydłużoną naukę w szkole podstawowej – w klasie szóstej i siódmej, oraz uczniów, którzy stanowią rocznik wygaszający naukę w gimnazjach – w klasie pierwszej i drugiej. Poczucie kontroli zgeneralizowane oraz w sytuacjach sukcesów i porażek zostało ustalone na podstawie Kwestionariusza do Badania Poczucia Kontroli KBPK i KBPK-R. W badaniach sprawdzono, jakie różnice wystąpiły w zakresie zmian rozwojowych poczucia kontroli między uczniami szkół podstawowych i gimnazjów. Wyniki pokazały, że na przełomie dwóch lat badań w obu grupach uczniów wzrosło wewnętrzne poczucie kontroli, jednak to uczniowie szkół podstawowych charakteryzują się istotnie wyższym wewnętrznym przypisywaniem sobie odpowiedzialności za zdarzenia, szczególnie w sytuacjach sukcesów. Dodatkowe analizy uwzględniające płeć ujawniły wzrost zgeneralizowanego poczucia kontroli u dziewcząt oraz wewnętrznej kontroli w sytuacjach porażek u chłopców z gimnazjum.</p>

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The Pattern of Stability and Change in Parental Locus of Control Over 6 Years and Teacher Ratings of Child Behavior

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Parental locus of control and the failure to obtain a child diagnosis: a longitudinal cohort study

Parental locus of control and the failure to obtain a child diagnosis: a longitudinal cohort study

Stability of, and Associations Between, Parent and Child Locus of Control Expectancies

Początki bywają trudne. Zmiany rozwojowe poczucia kontroli wśród uczniów w okresie wczesnej adolescencji doświadczających transformacji systemu edukacji w Polsce

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