The Pelvis and Hip: Congenital and Developmental Conditions

Grissom, Leslie E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-45381-6_11

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Two methods have been described: the Graf static technique and the dynamic stress technique proposed by Harcke. Several US techniques have been well described in the radiology literature and are beyond the scope of this review (4)(5)(6). A brief overview of the Graf method of evaluating infant hips is warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiography, CT, and MRI of Hip and Lower Limb Disorders in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2019

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Infants and children are vulnerable to congenital and developmental hip and lower extremity disorders. These disorders have diverse causes in pediatric patients, and owing to potential related complications that can lead to degenerative disease in adulthood, an accurate diagnosis is essential. A common disease is developmental dysplasia of the hip, which affects nearly 1% of newborns. This condition is best evaluated with US and conventional radiography. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis affects approximately 0.01% of young teenagers and is initially evaluated with radiography. Femoroacetabular impingement is a risk factor for early osteoarthritis and can be assessed with radiography, CT, or MRI. Limb length discrepancy is defined as a greater than 2-cm difference in length between paired bilateral lower extremities. There are several methods of measuring this difference, and the use of an accurate imaging modality is essential for treatment. Developmental bowing is a physiologic condition involving varus angulation of the knee and is best evaluated by using conventional radiography. Blount disease is a progressive pathologic genu varum centered at the tibia; the three subtypes are infantile, juvenile, and adolescent. In-and out-toeing disorders are caused by abnormal tibial and femoral torsion that usually self-corrects during lower limb growth. The ability to recognize these conditions is essential for differentiating those that will resolve spontaneously versus those that will require treatment. The imaging features of congenital and developmental hip and lower extremity disorders are reviewed, with emphasis on diagnosis, radiologic assessment, associated findings, and classification. ©

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiography, CT, and MRI of Hip and Lower Limb Disorders in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2019

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“…It can be either developmental or caused by trauma or other diseases, e.g. rickets [29,30]. Two individuals (5 and 7) showed healed periosteal lesions on the tibial shaft.…”

Section: Osteological and Odontological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twelve unidentified skeletons as remains of an epidemic or famine in Northern Finland

Huumonen

Särkioja

Salo

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Journal of Forensic Science

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Abstract:Skeletal remains of 12 individuals were found in a grave in a tar-burning pit. There were no coffins or other belongings to help with identification or reveal the cause of death. Methods: Forensic osteological and odontological methods were used to establish sex, age and height. Histological and chemical tests, including the determination of C-14 content, were applied to dating the skeletal remains. Results: Out of 12 skeletons, 8 were adults; 5 females, 2 males and 1 probable female. Four skeletons belonged to children (ages 1-12 years). The bones had been in the grave for more than 100 years as concluded from the deterioration of the distal parts, embrittling of the surface to 1 mm depth. C-14 results gave the radiocarbon years 95 +/-65 Bp (before present, i.e., 1950 iron foundry". The excavator dug up pieces of bones which were identified as parts of a human skull. The police were immediately informed and the area was isolated. The grave was investigated by the police, a forensic pathologist and an archaeologist.The finding aroused great interest in the newspapers and rumours circulated about the origin of the grave; for instance, it was claimed that a clandestine burial of victims of an execution had occurred in 1918 during the Finnish civil war. Due to the great public interest, it was decided that a more thorough investigation than usual should be undertaken.Moreover, we think that it is important to gain practical experience of the preservation of body remains in ground that is frozen six months a year, a situation that is not encountered in Central Europe.The aims of the study 1.To reveal the time, circumstances and cause of this exceptional group burial. 2.To determine the minimum number of individuals and their biological profiles (including sex, age and stature). 3.To determine the causes and manner of death.

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