The Peopling of Modern Bosnia‐Herzegovina: Y‐chromosome Haplogroups in the Three Main Ethnic Groups

Abstract

SummaryThe variation at 28 Y-chromosome biallelic markers was analysed in 256 males (90 Croats, 81 Serbs and 85 Bosniacs) from Bosnia-Herzegovina. An important shared feature between the three ethnic groups is the high frequency of the "Palaeolithic" European-specific haplogroup (Hg) I, a likely signature of a Balkan population re-expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum. This haplogroup is almost completely represented by the sub-haplogroup I-P37 whose frequency is, however, higher in the Croats (∼ 71%) than in Bosniacs (∼ 44%) and Serbs (∼ 31%). Other rather frequent haplogroups are E (∼ 15%) and J (∼ 7%), which are considered to have arrived from the Middle East in Neolithic and post-Neolithic times, and R-M17 (∼ 14%), which probably marked several arrivals, at different times, from eastern Eurasia. Hg E, almost exclusively represented by its subclade E-M78, is more common in the Serbs (∼ 20%) than in Bosniacs (∼ 13%) and Croats (∼ 9%), and Hg J, observed in only one Croat, encompasses ∼ 9% of the Serbs and ∼ 12% of the Bosniacs, where it shows its highest diversification. By contrast, Hg R-M17 displays similar frequencies in all three groups. On the whole, the three main groups of Bosnia-Herzegovina, in spite of some quantitative differences, share a large fraction of the same ancient gene pool distinctive for the Balkan area.

Paleolithic Y-haplogroup heritage predominates in a Cretan highland plateau

“…20,30 Different demographic processes have been proposed to account for the current distributions of subclades R1a and R1b in European populations. 16,20,30,31 The R1 haplogroup frequencies obtained for the three Cretan groups in the present work reveal remarkable differences among them, as well as with respect to neighboring Mediterranean collections. Although frequencies of 19.2 and 21.7% were found in the Heraklion Prefecture and Lasithi Prefecture populations, respectively, a proportion of more than half (56.1%) was observed in the Lasithi Plateau.…”

The genetic structure of the Slovak population revealed by Y-chromosome polymorphisms

“…The most informative Y-STR in terms of gene diversity was the DYS385 locus (0.878) and the least informative was the DYS393 (0.435). Our population data were compared with that previously published for Belarus (www.yhrd.org), Ukraine (www.yhrd.org), the Czech Republic (www.yhrd.org), Poland (Ploski et al, 2002), the Russian Federation (Rosser et al, 2000), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Marjanovic et al, 2005), Croatia (Roewer et al, 2005) and Slovenia (Sterlinko et al, 2001) for the same set of 9 Y-STR (DYS391, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS19, DYS392, DYS393, DYS390, DYS385). The pairwise analysis based on Φ st values is shown in Table 2.…”

“…It reaches its highest incidences in Croatia (32.4) and Bosnia (43.5%), encompassing almost 80-90% of haplogroup I (Rootsi et al, 2004;Marjanovic et al, 2005). Subclade I2b1 was infrequent (only 1.6%).…”

Mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosomal stratification in Iran: relationship between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula

“…41,42 Parental groups were assembled as specified in Table 1 for mtDNA and in Supplementary Table 2 for the Y-chromosome. 1,14,18,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] To gauge significant deviations from neutral theory, 61 the Ewens-Watterson homozygosity test 62,63 was performed on Iranian mtDNA control region sequences (nucleotide positions 16 019-16 569). In addition, mtDNA control region sequence diversity was evaluated by nucleotide diversity index.…”