The performance in a fluidized bed reactor of photocatalysts immobilized onto inert supports

Floating Photocatalysts for Passive Solar Degradation of Naphthenic Acids in Oil Sands Process-Affected Water

“…EDX analysis further confirmed the presence of Ti, and the TiO 2 content of the composite particles was estimated to be 36.6 ± 4.1 wt % ( Figure S4, Table S1). TiO 2 nanocrystals are known to partially sinter at the temperatures applied during the synthesis [24], which is proposed to be the mechanism of TiO 2 adhesion [34,35]. XRD revealed the presence of anatase and rutile phases in the FPCs, characteristic of the mixed-phase TiO 2 nanocrystals used [36], confirming that the calcination step did not significantly affect the crystal phase of the particles.…”

Fluidized bed photoreactors using composites of titania CVD-coated onto quartz sand as photocatalyst: Assessment of photochemical efficiency

“…For an initial oxalic acid concentration of 45 ppm a pseudo-zero-order-reaction rate can be assumed [15]. Furthermore, the system was always operated as a continuous differential reactor inside a loop of a batch recirculating system so that the mass balance equation for the organic substrate can be formalized as [15]:…”

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using polymer–titania microcomposites

“…surface groups like OH that accompany the fine size [13][14][15]. Because separation of suspended fine particles from water has been a major obstacle, uses of nanoparticles of titania in applications such as waste-water treatment have been limited.…”

“…Because separation of suspended fine particles from water has been a major obstacle, uses of nanoparticles of titania in applications such as waste-water treatment have been limited. Strategies that have been investigated to address this obstacle include immobilization of titania particles onto planar substrates or reactor walls [13][14][15]. However, the reduction in available surface area of the catalyst and issues of transport to the planar surface can lead to diminished photocatalytic activity, thereby limiting the usefulness of these strategies.…”