The Permian or Upper Carboniferous flora of West Virginia and S.W. Pennsylvania

Fontaine, William Morris; White, I. C.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.100048

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The diameter of rhizohaloes indicates that most root diameters were <1 mm. Plant impressions observed included horsetails and small ferns resembling Autunia conferta described from other locations [43,44]. Autunia conferta is an extinct pteridosperm common in Dunkard Group flora where seasonally dry conditions occurred [44].…”

Section: Vegetation and Soil Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Soils and Soil Ecosystems to the Pennsylvanian–Permian Climate Transition in the Upper Fluvial Plain of the Dunkard Basin, Southeastern Ohio, USA

Hembree

Carnes

2018

Geosciences

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Direct exposure of paleosols to the atmosphere during formation make them ideal for reconstructing paleoclimate. Paleosol and ichnofossil properties are dependently linked making it important to study them in tandem, to avoid errors in interpretation. Small scale studies (<1 km) yield high resolution data that can be used to assess allogenic processes through comparison of spatial and temporal trends. This study used field and laboratory analyses to gather data from Late Pennsylvanian to Early Permian Upper Monongahela and Lower Dunkard group paleosols on Ohio Route 33 in Meigs County, OH, USA. The physical and geochemical properties of the paleosols from the field sites indicate that channel migration was the primary control on paleosol formation in the study area, however, a clear climate signal was observed. The change in paleosol type and calculated mean annual precipitation (MAP) values indicate that the climate became more strongly seasonal and drier over the course of the Pennsylvanian-Permian transition with a temporary excursion to a more ever-wet climate with higher MAP, marked by the occurrence of the Waynesburg Coal at the Pennsylvanian-Permian boundary.

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Section: Vegetation and Soil Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Soils and Soil Ecosystems to the Pennsylvanian–Permian Climate Transition in the Upper Fluvial Plain of the Dunkard Basin, Southeastern Ohio, USA

Hembree

Carnes

2018

Geosciences

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“…USA: Taeniopteris locally abundant in Upper Pennsylvanian and lower Permian (Lesquereux, 1879-80; Fontaine and White, 1880; Sellards, 1901; White, 1929; Moore et al, 1936; Cridland and Morris, 1963; Winston, 1983; McComas, 1988; Wagner and Lyons, 1997; Beck and Labandeira, 1998; DiMichele et al, 2000, 2010b, 2013a, 2013b; Chaney et al, 2005; Chaney and DiMichele, 2007; Schachat et al, 2014); unsubstantiated records of Taeniopteris multinervia in southwestern USA (Darrah, 1935). Europe and China: Taeniopteris multinervia rare and sparsely distributed in uppermost Pennsylvanian and lower Permian (Seward, 1910; Halle, 1927a, 1927b; Kerp and Fichter, 1985; Opluštil et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…leaf fragment that also has a venation scheme similar to the study examples. Fontaine and White (1880) suggested that T. lescuriana was similar to Taeniopteris multinervia (an opinion shared by Zeiller, 1890; Seward, 1910; and Bell, 1940), but differed in having larger leaves (up to 100 mm wide), a more slender midvein, and fewer lateral veins. Such features are difficult to judge from their illustrations, but McComas (1988, fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dryland vegetation from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Indiana (Illinois Basin): the dryland biome in glacioeustatic, paleobiogeographic, and paleoecologic context

Bashforth¹,

DiMichele²,

Eble³

et al. 2016

J. Paleontol.

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A macrofloral assemblage dominated by elements of the Euramerican dryland biome is described from the Brazil Formation in Clay County, Indiana (Illinois Basin). Fossils were recovered from a thin heterolithic unit between a shallow-marine bed and the paleosol beneath the Minshall Coal, a Middle Pennsylvanian succession deposited near the Atokan-Desmoinesian and Bolsovian-Asturian boundaries. Sedimentological indicators imply accumulation under a seasonal climate, including interbedded siltstone and sandstone deposited during flashfloods, intraclasts eroded from local sources, and charcoal produced by wildfires. The macrofloral assemblage is consistent with a dryland setting, being dominated by large, coriaceous gymnosperm leaves with mesic to xeric traits, includingCordaitesspp. indet.,Lesleyasp. indet., andTaeniopterissp. cf.T. multinervia. Sphenopsids and ferns typical of the wetland biome are rare. In contrast, the microfloral assemblage is dominated by fern spores, with lesser lycopsid spores and cordaitalean pollen. The succession indicates that the dryland biome predominated during late regression, prior to the onset of perhumid conditions that resulted in peat accumulation at late lowstand. However, the abundance of palynomorphs from wetland vegetation implies gradual fragmentation of the prevailing dryland flora and replacement by the wetland biome in the transition to glacial maximum. The taphonomic and paleobiogeographic context confirms that floras adapted to seasonal moisture deficit periodically dispersed into tropical lowlands, rather than being transported from ‘extrabasinal’ or ‘upland’ environments. The precocious occurrence ofTaeniopteris, more typical of Late Pennsylvanian and Permian floras, may be the earliest record of the fossil-genus, and exemplifies the association of derived plant taxa with dryland habitats. The predominance of broad-leaved gymnosperms with mesic to xeric characters suggests that dryland communities contained more slow-growing and long-lived plants than contemporaneous wetland floras.

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“…The upper part of the Dunkard Group in parts of Pennsylvania and West Virginia contains such a flora (Fontaine and White, 1880). In parts of Kansas, Oklahoma, and west Texas the Wolf camp Series contains a well developed Callipteris flora (Read, 1941b).…”

Section: Zone 13 Zone Of Callipteris Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Paleozoic floral zones and floral provinces of the United States, with a glossary of stratigraphic terms

Read¹,

Mamay²,

Keroher³

1964

Professional Paper

124

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The Permian or Upper Carboniferous flora of West Virginia and S.W. Pennsylvania

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Response of Soils and Soil Ecosystems to the Pennsylvanian–Permian Climate Transition in the Upper Fluvial Plain of the Dunkard Basin, Southeastern Ohio, USA

Response of Soils and Soil Ecosystems to the Pennsylvanian–Permian Climate Transition in the Upper Fluvial Plain of the Dunkard Basin, Southeastern Ohio, USA

Dryland vegetation from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Indiana (Illinois Basin): the dryland biome in glacioeustatic, paleobiogeographic, and paleoecologic context

Upper Paleozoic floral zones and floral provinces of the United States, with a glossary of stratigraphic terms

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