Are young fathers 'hard to reach'? Understanding the importance of relationship building and service sustainability IntroductionThis article explores service provision for young fathers through analysis of data from the three year ESRC funded project Following Young Fathers.1 It draws on data collected in interviews and focus groups with practitioners, service managers and those working to develop and deliver family support services in the UK. The focus of the article is an exploration of the idea that young fathers are a 'hard to reach' group and it begins with a discussion of literature and research evidence on this theme. Our research findings, and those of others discussed in the article, challenge the idea that young fathers are 'hard to reach', suggesting that we should, conversely, consider that many services are actually hard to access. Thus, increasing young fathers' engagement requires better understanding of their often complex needs and a reshaping of service design and delivery to account for them. The article highlights how the configuration, funding and delivery of services can inhibit young fathers' use of them, and identifies ways in which they could be made more accessible.Key words: young fathers; family support; hard to reach; practitioner/service use relationships; funding; UK
Young fathers and engagement with support servicesResearch conducted with young fathers themselves has shown that their support needs are complex and interconnected. These findings, which have been reported more fully elsewhere , indicate that needs range from requiring assistance to access training, educational and employment opportunities to support with managing finances, relationships and developing childcare skills. Some of these needs are common to all new parents, but they present particular challenges for those who become parents at an early age and have not yet developed an independent adult lifestyle. A range of responses is therefore needed from specialist and more generic services, with the development of father inclusive practice an important element of delivering services that can respond effectively to the range of needs that young fathers may present with. Ideals of contemporary fatherhood are increasingly based around emotional engagement, sensitivity, intimacy and hands on parenting activity, with the breadwinner role less dominant (Dermott and Miller, 2015). For those entering parenthood early and unable to act as the family breadwinner, providing hands on care can be extremely important, but many young men see breadwinning and caring as interlinked, with the ability to provide financial support enabling them to 'be there' for their children (see Neale and Davies, 2016).