“…There is an extensive literature on the relationship between alcohol availability and crime . For example, researchers have studied the effects of alcohol taxes (Cook and Moore, ; Markowitz, , , ; Markowitz and Grossman, ; DeSimone, ; Cook and Piette Durrance, ), Federal Prohibition (Miron, ; Owens, ), the minimum legal drinking age (Joksch and Jones, ; Carpenter, ; Carpenter and Dobkin, ), underage drunk driving laws (Carpenter, , ), restrictions on weekend sales (Heaton, ; Grönqvist and Niknami, ) and early closing times for bars and restaurants (Chikritzhs and Stockwell, ; Hough and Hunter, ; Biderman et al ., ; De Mello et al ., )…”