The phosphoproteomic responses of duck (Cairna moschata) to classical/novel duck reovirus infections in the spleen tissue

Abstract

Duck reovirus (DRV) is a fatal member of the genus Orthoreovirus in the family Reoviridae. The disease caused by DRV leads to huge economic losses to the duck industry. Post-translational modification is an efficient strategy to enhance the immune responses to virus infection. However, the roles of protein phosphorylation in the responses of ducklings to Classic/Novel DRV (C/NDRV) infections are largely unknown. Using a high-resolution LC–MS/MS integrated to highly sensitive immune-affinity antibody method, phosphoproteomes of Cairna moschata spleen tissues under the C/NDRV infections were analyzed, producing a total of 8,504 phosphorylation sites on 2,853 proteins. After normalization with proteomic data, 392 sites on 288 proteins and 484 sites on 342 proteins were significantly changed under the C/NDRV infections, respectively. To characterize the differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs), a systematic bioinformatics analyses including Gene Ontology annotation, domain annotation, subcellular localization, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation were performed. Two important serine protease system-related proteins, coagulation factor X and fibrinogen α-chain, were identified as phosphorylated proteins, suggesting an involvement of blood coagulation under the C/NDRV infections. Furthermore, 16 proteins involving the intracellular signaling pathways of pattern-recognition receptors were identified as phosphorylated proteins. Changes in the phosphorylation levels of MyD88, NF-κB, RIP1, MDA5 and IRF7 suggested a crucial role of protein phosphorylation in host immune responses of C. moschata. Our study provides new insights into the responses of ducklings to the C/NDRV infections at PTM level.

Redox Homeostasis in Poultry: Regulatory Roles of NF-κB

“…Recently, the phosphoproteomic responses of duck to reovirus infections in the spleen tissue were studied, and 16 proteins involved the intracellular signaling pathways of PRRs were shown to be phosphorylated proteins. In particular, changes in the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB, as well as MyD88, receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1), MDA5, and IRF7, indicated an important role of protein phosphorylation in duck immune responses to viral antigens [ 329 ]. Pattern recognition receptor signaling during innate responses to influenza A viruses in the mallard duck was recently reviewed [ 330 ], and the fundamental roles of NF-κB in innate immune responses to duck Tembusu virus infection were discussed in detail [ 331 ].…”

Research Note: Genetic characterization of novel duck reoviruses from Shandong Province, China in 2022

“…In different regions of China, NDRV is the dominant circulating strain of reovirus in ducks, which is different from ARV and MDRV reported in the past. The gene sequences of different pathogenic NDRV isolates were analyzed and compared, and certain differences were found in the gene sequences ( Yun et al, 2020 ).…”

Distinct Whole Transcriptomic Profiles of the Bursa of Fabricius in Muscovy Ducklings Infected by Novel Duck Reovirus with Different Virulence

“…Duck reovirus (DRV) is a common waterfowl virus with various morbidities, belonging to the genus Orthoreovirus in the family Reoviridae [ 1 , 2 ]. DRV infection in waterfowl has been found in many parts of the world, mainly in Europe and Asia [ 2 , 3 ].…”

“…HN10 and JDm10 were two NDRV strains with stable virulence isolated from our lab. The virulent strain HN10 was first identified from a hemorrhagic and necrotic Muscovy duck liver and passaged in chicken embryo fibroblast (DF-1) cells for 20 generations [ 1 , 4 , 18 ]. JDm10 was obtained from the liver of a Muscovy duckling with a few white necrotic spots of smaller size and further attenuated by passage in DF-1 cells for 150 generations.…”