The photodegradation of some naturally occurring polymers

Davidson, R. S.

doi:10.1016/1011-1344(95)07262-4

Cited by 141 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Another approach has involved the use of processes such as methylation, acetylation and propionylation to etherify and/or esterify phenolic and benzylic hydroxyl groups (Schmidt, Heitner 1991;Ek et al 1992;Paulsson, Parkås 2000;Paulsson, Simonson 2002). A variety of additives have also been investigated, ranging from UV-absorbing compounds such as benzophenone derivatives to fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs), antioxidants, polymers and quenchers (Kringstad 1969;Janson, Forsskåhl 1989, 1996Agnemo et al 1991;Heitner 1993a;Paulsson, Ragauskas 1998a and references cited therein; Cole et al 2000;Bourgoing et al 2001;Ragauskas et al 2001). None of these approaches have yielded a cost-efficient, technically feasible and non-toxic solution to the problem of rapid yellowing.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A novel method of studying the ability of a coating layer to retard the photo-yellowing of the base paper

Fjellström

Höglund

Forsberg

et al. 2007

Nordic Pulp &Amp; Paper Research Journal

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SUMMARY:This paper presents a method of studying the reflectance/transmittance properties of thin coating layers in relation to their inhibition of light-induced yellowing. The ability of a coating layer to retard the photo-yellowing of a hydrogen-peroxide-bleached birch chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) is exemplified using the developed model system. The repeatability of the method is shown to be excellent, even for coat weights below 10 g/m 2 . Furthermore, transmittance in the UV-region is shown to be strongly correlated with a coating layer's ability to protect birch CTMP against photo-yellowing.

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“…None of these approaches have yielded a cost-efficient, technically feasible and non-toxic solution to the problem of rapid yellowing. Detailed information about the mechanism of yellowing and the proposed stabilisation methods can be found elsewhere (Gratzl 1985;Heitner 1993b;Leary 1994;Davidson 1996;Forsskåhl 2000;Lanzalunga, Bietti 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

A novel method of studying the ability of a coating layer to retard the photo-yellowing of the base paper

Fjellström

Höglund

Forsberg

et al. 2007

Nordic Pulp &Amp; Paper Research Journal

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“…The rapid brightness reversion (yellowing) that occurs upon exposure to daylight or indoor illumination is, however, a major drawback hindering mechanical or chemimechanical pulps to be used in high-quality long-life paper products. It is generally accepted that it is the lignin constituents that are responsible for the brightness reversion that occurs when the paper is subjected to sunlight or indoor illumination containing UV-radiation (Gratzl 1985;Heitner 1993;Leary 1994;Davidson 1996;Forsskåhl 2000;Lanzalunga, Bietti 2000). In addition, additives like FWA and binders also can contribute to the brightness reversion (Rohringer, Fletcher 1996;Paulsson, Ragauskas 1998a).…”

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confidence: 99%

Inhibition of light-induced brightness reversion of high-yield pulps: The UV-screening properties of coating layers containing kaolin or calcium carbonate pigments

Fjellström

Höglund

Forsberg

et al. 2007

Nordic Pulp &Amp; Paper Research Journal

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SUMMARY:A newly developed method making it possible to study the reflectance/transmittance factor of thin coating layers and to link this to the inhibition of the light-induced yellowing, was used to describe the photo-stabilising properties of different types of commercial kaolin and calcium carbonate pigments. A base paper produced from a hydrogen-peroxidebleached birch chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) was used throughout the study.The transmittance factor of the coating layers in the UVregion (300-385 nm) was found to be very low (below 1.0% at coat weights >5g/m 2 ) for all of the tested pigments, it strongly depends on the coat weight especially for coat weights below 10 g/m 2 . The examined coating colours containing kaolin pigments were found to be better in inhibiting the brightness reversion compared to the coating colours containing calcium carbonate pigments, even though the differences between the pigment types in the coating colours were only a few brightness units. The coating layer was, however, able to conceal some of the colour formed through the light-induce brightness reversion. For example, a coating layer containing kaolin pigments (coat weight of 15.6 g/m 2 ) could conceal about 30% of the discoloration of the CTMP base paper, when measuring the change in ISO brightness.

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“…The general increase in the chromaticity coordinates of Δa* and Δb* for both wood species confirms that the chromophoric groups of the wood had been modified. Lignin is the wood component that has chromophoric groups capable of absorbing UV light in the range of 300 to 550 nm (Davidson 1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorability of Wood Material with Punica granatum and Morus nigra Extracts

et al. 2014

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The aim of this study was the development of an eco-friendly dye that may be used in furniture, woodworking, and upper surface treatment, with no ill effects to human health. The plant dyestuff was extracted from pomegranate skin (Punica granatum) and black mulberry (Morus nigra) using an ultrasonic method at different rates. The extraction percentage ratios were, by weight in distilled water, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, and 50% and were applied to Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) through an immersion method. After that, the determination of color change under the accelerated weathering conditions and the feasibility as the upper surface stain of this dyestuff were studied. The values of total color change of the natural dye samples that were applied to the test material were determined after accelerated weathering processes lasting 50, 100, and 150 h, according to ISO 2470. The results showed the best color stability in Oriental beech wood that was treated with 30% pomegranate skin or black mulberry extract as well as Scotch pine wood that was treated with 25% pomegranate skin extract or 50% black mulberry extract. Exactly the same ΔE* values were obtained with the same dyestuff and same wood type, indicating close color stability behaviors. According to the results, both pomegranate skin (Punica granatum) and black mulberry (Morus nigra) can be used to color wood materials.

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The photodegradation of some naturally occurring polymers

Cited by 141 publications

References 59 publications

A novel method of studying the ability of a coating layer to retard the photo-yellowing of the base paper

A novel method of studying the ability of a coating layer to retard the photo-yellowing of the base paper

Inhibition of light-induced brightness reversion of high-yield pulps: The UV-screening properties of coating layers containing kaolin or calcium carbonate pigments

Colorability of Wood Material with Punica granatum and Morus nigra Extracts

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