The Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of the Clays in and After Doping With Metal Oxide Al2O3 in the Region of Fez (Morocco)

Mesrar, Laila; Akdim, Mariam; Lakrim, Mohamed; Aroussi, Omar El; Akhrif, Iatimad; Jabrane, Raouf

doi:10.1515/pesd-2015-0006

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The observed change in chemical components of burned marl, pozzolan and cellulose mixtures might explain how high CaO contents may turn the marl color to yellowish and pinkish shades. The presence of CaO leads to a high mechanical strength in marl (Mesrar, al., 2015). Mullites and Metakaolinite often develop within the burning process of marl and make it more valuable for economic activities.…”

Section: Syntheses and Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of environmentally friendly materials and inexpensive used materials are of interest for craft and industry activities (ceramics, cooking pots, tiles, etc.). Several approaches have been reported in the literature concerning the use of certain industrial additives or wastes as cementing agents to improve the properties performance of clay and marl raw materials (Gidley and Sack 1984,), clay soils (Kolias et al, 2005, Yong and Ouhadi, 2007, Mesrar et al, 2015, residual soils (Miller and Azad, 2000), fly ash from rice husk , artificial pozzolan (Al-Rawas et al, 2005) and geopolymers (Akdim et al, 2017;Mesrar et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marl crumbling decrease using geopolymer mixtures: lessons from experimental tests in the vicinity of Fez, Morocco

Akdim¹,

Mesrar²,

Alami³

et al. 2022

pesd

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Despite its abundance in many regions of the planet, the marl's use in practical issues engender many problems, in relation to its components' quality, its physical and chemical characteristics and its valorization costs. The crumbling is among its major critical aspects that affect its engineering behavior, its handcraft and other socio-economic uses. This paper apprehends the physical and chemical properties of the Miocene marl in Fez vicinity (Morocco). They are investigated to measure their changes and see how they affect the marl's geotechnical characteristics. Mixed with cellulose and pozzolan at different concentration degrees, the marl samples were exposed to extreme temperatures, observed in the laboratory and interpreted in terms of characteristics reliable to crumbling risk reducing as cohesion and materials' resistance. By adding the cellulose and pozzolan to the raw marl at different percentages (1%, 5%), (2%, 10%), (3%, 15%), (4%, 20%), (5%,25%), we have tested its characteristics using various techniques and analyses. We mainly used X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and SEM techniques This study apprehends the possible production of innovative materials based on marl mixtures. It emphasizes the valorization of the Miocene marls in the region of Fez (Morocco) but its aims are larger as the results may be applied for marl worldwide. The main goal is to identify the best thresholds that are suited to improve the mixed marls' physico-chemical properties and therefore reduce risks of crumbling in marl. The results are concluding as chemical analyses show a slight variation of major chemical elements in the samples' contents. We note that after adding pozzolan and cellulose to marl, the Fe2O3 and SiO2 increase and favors neoformation of clays. New illite and metakaolinite appear. The difference is important when we compare results between characteristics of the raw marl and those of the mixed marls, in particular at temperatures of 900 °C and 1000 °C. The mineralogical analyzes have shown the appearance of well crystallized hematite. In mixed marl, these results were confirmed by the electron microscope analysis. The results converge to confirm the positive impact of geopolymer mixtures as they contribute to decrease the risks of marl crumbling as its cohesion and resistance become intense. These new marl's characteristics are innovator and show a new degree of the material' transformation. They favor the marl's advantageous exploitation in economic and industrial activities. Even locally experimented, the importance of the obtained results may be worldwide.

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Section: Syntheses and Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marl crumbling decrease using geopolymer mixtures: lessons from experimental tests in the vicinity of Fez, Morocco

Akdim¹,

Mesrar²,

Alami³

et al. 2022

pesd

Self Cite

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“…A major problems encountered by users of these materials is their fragility and high shrinkage induced by cooking and causing defects in the bricks [6], and can go until it bursts. In order to improve the material performance, the efficiency and the quality in the manufacture of this marl, we opted for doping by dry method this material by the pozzolan, at different percentages of 5, 10, 15 and 20%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration physical and chemical parameters of marl miocene doped with the pozzolan

Mesrar

Banamar

Jabrane³

2017

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Given the increasing exploitation of clay in Morocco for ceramic industry and for the purpose of the benefit reuse of this resource, a study is conducted in order to carry out the identification and characterization of Miocene marl after doping with pozzolan. The objective of this work is to improve the physicochemical characteristics of Miocene marl of Fez region, by doping it pozzolan at different contents: 5, 10, 15 and 20%. Physical and chemical characterization of this material was carried out before and after doping with pozzolan following various analytical technics, such as the Xray fluorescence and geotechnical investigation. The result of geochemical analysis showed a higher rate of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), iron oxide (Fe2O3) and titanium oxide (TiO2). Further characterization of Atterberg limits have shown that the plasticity of doped materials increases. Similarly the mechanical behaviour of marls doped with pozzolan have significantly improved, providing a mechanical strength of obtained materials up to 670N when firing at 1000 ° C, compared to the raw marl.

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“…Several brief studies have been conducted on these Fez clays, with their characterization differing from one study to another. For example, some studies state that the Fez clays are composed of illite, chlorite, kaolinite and smectite (El Ouahabi et al, 2014;Achiou et al, 2016), while other studies have reported that these clays are devoid of smectite and chlorite (Mesrar et al, 2012(Mesrar et al, , 2013.…”

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Characterization of clays from the Fez area (northern Morocco) for potential uses in the ceramics industry

et al. 2022

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Clays from the Saiss basin (Northern Morocco) used traditionally in the ceramic industry of Fez were studied by mineralogical and physico-chemical techniques in order to evaluate their potential suitability as raw materials for ceramic manufacture. X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to determine the mineralogical composition. Physical properties were identified by particle size distribution and consistency limits. Chemical composition was carried out by XRF analysis and Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry. The structural changes of mineral phases during firing in the raw materials have been studied with a range of temperature between 500 and 1000 °C. In the pottery site from Fez, the potters generally use a mixture of 25% of fine clay (ARFS) from the upper part of the Miocene marls deposit and 75% of sandy clay (ARFR) from lower level of Miocene marls. ARFS clay gives very rigid pieces after firing; they are difficult to handle with desired shapes and sizes by artisan potters. However, the pieces obtained with ARFR clay show signs of faltering. The mixture of these two clayey materials is therefore https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2022.30 Published online by Cambridge University Press necessary for the optimal paste for ceramic proposes in this pottery site. The chemical compositions indicated that SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3, CaO and Fe 2 O 3 are major minerals, with small amounts of K 2 O and MgO. Quartz, feldspars and clay minerals prevail in all samples.Kaolinite, illite and smectite are the dominant clay mineral phases, with a trace of chlorite and interstratified. The classification of these samples using appropriate ternary diagrams showed that the proportions used in the mixture lead to a new material with adequate characteristics for the production of traditional ceramics.

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The Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of the Clays in and After Doping With Metal Oxide Al2O3 in the Region of Fez (Morocco)

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Marl crumbling decrease using geopolymer mixtures: lessons from experimental tests in the vicinity of Fez, Morocco

Marl crumbling decrease using geopolymer mixtures: lessons from experimental tests in the vicinity of Fez, Morocco

Amelioration physical and chemical parameters of marl miocene doped with the pozzolan

Characterization of clays from the Fez area (northern Morocco) for potential uses in the ceramics industry

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