The Physics and Physiology of Insect Flight

Deakin, Michael A. B.

doi:10.1119/1.1976525

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The calculated values of n resulting from Equation (4) lead in such comparisons to the need for asynchronous flight muscle in order to achieve the frequencies required. This consequence was noted in the author's earlier study ( Deakin 1970 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…However if we accept this “law” and its consequence α = ½, then the formula sought becomes where k is a dimensionless constant, and thus K is also a constant, although not a dimensionless one. This was the result of the earlier analysis ( Deakin 1970 ). A derivation of Equation (3) was later supplied by Crawford ( 1971 ), who employed a simple physical model.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Many simply sought (single) allometries between n and some other variable, such as m or a length-scale l . The present author ( Deakin 1970 ) proposed a new formula, and part of the purpose of the present paper is to show that it still remains a good one, in some important ways the best. Whereas the earlier paper developed much of the theory, it lacked an extensive and reliable dataset against which it could be checked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Other laws have been advanced. Deakin ( 1970 ) considered two relationships proposed by Rashevsky ( 1960 ). The first of these has just already been discussed and dismissed (as it was, on rather less secure grounds, in that earlier paper).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Formulae for Insect Wingbeat Frequency

Deakin

2010

Journal of Insect Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A formula is developed connecting the wingbeat frequency of insects with their masses and wing areas. It is derived first theoretically, using dimensional analysis, and then it is compared with published measurements. The formula discovered involves two parameters which dimensional analysis alone cannot determine. One of these is evaluated using one among many proposed semi-empirical relationships (the only one that stands scrutiny); the other by fitting a published dataset. It is found that the resulting equation, applying to insects in general, accords well with observation, and indeed is very close to being optimal (in a sense to be defined).

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Formulae for Insect Wingbeat Frequency

Deakin

2010

Journal of Insect Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conversely, for insects, the gracile bodies and larger wings of moths and butterflies are offset by the higher flapping frequency of compact flies. Therefore, flies use asynchronous flight muscles to achieve these high flapping frequencies ( Deakin, 1970 ). Large, elongated flies are unusually noisy for their body mass, with radiated acoustic power values well above the average scaling law ( Figure 4E ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How oscillating aerodynamic forces explain the timbre of the hummingbird’s hum and other animals in flapping flight

Hightower

Wijnings

Scholte³

et al. 2021

eLife

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

How hummingbirds hum is not fully understood, but its biophysical origin is encoded in the acoustic nearfield. Hence, we studied six freely hovering Anna's hummingbirds, performing acoustic nearfield holography using a 2176 microphone array in vivo, while also directly measuring the 3D aerodynamic forces using a new aerodynamic force platform. We corroborate the acoustic measurements by developing an idealized acoustic model that integrates the aerodynamic forces with wing kinematics, which shows how the timbre of the hummingbird's hum arises from the oscillating lift and drag forces on each wing. Comparing birds and insects, we find that the characteristic humming timbre and radiated power of their flapping wings originates from the higher harmonics in the aerodynamic forces that support their bodyweight. Our model analysis across insects and birds shows that allometric deviation makes larger birds quieter and elongated flies louder, while also clarifying complex bioacoustic behavior.

show abstract

Entanglement and Bell Inequalities

Kupczyński

2005

J Russ Laser Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The entangled quantum states play a key role in quantum information. The association of the quantum state vector with each individual physical system in an attributive way is a source of many paradoxes and inconsistencies. The paradoxes are avoided if the purely statistical interpretation (SI) of the quantum state vector is adopted. According to the SI the quantum theory (QT) does not provide any deterministic prediction for any individual experimental result obtained for a free physical system, for a trapped ion or for a quantum dot. In this article it is shown that if the SI is used then, contrary to the general belief, the QT does not predict for the ideal spin singlet state perfect anti-correlation of the coincidence counts for the distant detectors. Subsequently the various proofs of the Bell's theorem are reanalyzed and in particular the importance and the implications of the use of the unique probability space in these proofs are elucidated. The use of the unique probability space is shown to be equivalent to the use of the joint probability distributions for the non commuting observables. The experimental violation of the Bell's inequalities proves that the naive realistic particle like spatio-temporal description of the various quantum mechanical experiments is impossible. Of course it does not give any argument for the action at the distance and it does not provide the proof of the completeness of the QM. The fact that the quantum state vector is not an attribute of a single quantum system and that the quantum observables are contextual has to be taken properly into account in any implementation of the quantum computing device.

show abstract

The Physics and Physiology of Insect Flight

Abstract: Considerations of dimensional analysis are used to derive a formula connecting wing-beat frequency with mass and wing area for a flying insect. The formula is used to demonstrate the existence of asynchronous flight muscle.

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Formulae for Insect Wingbeat Frequency

Formulae for Insect Wingbeat Frequency

How oscillating aerodynamic forces explain the timbre of the hummingbird’s hum and other animals in flapping flight

Entanglement and Bell Inequalities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About