The Physiological Effects of Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) in Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

■ AbstractThe tremendous rise in the economic burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has prompted a search for alternative and less expensive medicines. Dandelion offers a compelling profile of bioactive components with potential anti-diabetic properties. The Taraxacum genus from the Asteraceae family is found in the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere. It is available in several areas around the world. In many countries, it is used as food and in some countries as therapeutics for the control and treatment of T2D. The anti-diabetic properties of dandelion are attributed to bioactive chemical components; these include chicoric acid, taraxasterol (TS), chlorogenic acid, and sesquiterpene lactones. Studies have outlined the useful pharmacological profile of dandelion for the treatment of an array of diseases, although little attention has been paid to the effects of its bioactive components on T2D to date. This review recapitulates previous work on dandelion and its potential for the treatment and prevention of T2D, highlighting its anti-diabetic properties, the structures of its chemical components, and their potential mechanisms of action in T2D. Although initial research appears promising, data on the cellular impact of dandelion are limited, necessitating further work on clonal β-cell lines (INS-1E), α-cell lines, and human skeletal cell lines for better identification of the active components that could be of use in the control and treatment of T2D. In fact, extensive invitro, in-vivo, and clinical research is required to investigate further the pharmacological, physiological, and biochemical mechanisms underlying the effects of dandelion-derived compounds on T2D.

Insights Into Protective Mechanisms of Dandelion Leaf Extract Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Role of Inhibitory Effect on Inflammatory and Apoptotic Pathways

“…Sesquiterpenes mediate their antioxidant properties via their a-methyl-g-lactone structure that reacts with cysteine sulfhydryl groups; the primary target group of sesquiterpene lactones. 34 The cell death associated with oxidative stress leads to inflammatory response, which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of CP-induced nephrotoxicity. 4,35 To study the anti-inflammatory effect of DLE in our experimental model, and its contribution to its protective effect, we determined the expressions of NF-kB and TNF-a in renal tissues ( Figures 5 and 6).…”

Pemanfaatan Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) Pada Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

“…Nama lain dari tanaman ini yang paling umum di Indonesia adalah tanaman jombang atau taraksakum (45). Taksonomi tanaman dandelion atau jombang adalah sebagai berikut (46 Dandelion mengandung senyawa-senyawa kimia yang bermanfaat bagi tubuh, salah satunya adalah polifenol yang bekerja sebagai antioksidan yang mampu mencegah diabetes mellitus (47). Senyawa kimia lainnya adalah lakton yang diketahui memiliki sifat antiinflamasi dan antikanker, fenilpropanoid yang memiliki fungsi imunitas, serta inulin yang memiliki efek analgesic atau antinyeri.…”

“…Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung senyawa polifenol yang berperan sebagai antioksidan yang dapat melindungi sel β dari spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS) sehingga diharapkan mampu mencegah diabetes yang disebabkan oleh ROS (48). Komponen polifenol yang terdapat pada tanaman dandelion menyebabkan aktivasi CAMP yang meningkatkan eksositosis dalam sel β, penghambatan proses degradasi insulin, pencegahan stres oksidatif, regenerasi sel β, perbaikan hipertrofi seluler, dan proliferasi sel-sel di pulau Langerhans (47).…”

“…Secara umum, mekanisme antidiabetes yang berasal dari senyawa-senyawa tanaman dandelion adalah dengan cara menghambat reabsorpsi glukosa di ginjal, mengurangi aktivitas enzim yang terlibat dalam metabolisme karbohidrat seperti enzim alfa-amylase dan alfa-glukosidase, mengurangi kadar glukosa dalam darah sehingga mencegah glikolisis di hati, serta menghambat aliran saluran kalium (47).…”

Taraxacum officinale extract ameliorates dextran sodium sulphate‐induced colitis by regulating fatty acid degradation and microbial dysbiosis

“…D in China, and it was used to cure liver and spleen ailments by the Arabian physicians during the 10th and 11th centuries. Accumulating evidence indicates that taraxacum officinale extract (TOE) exhibits various biological activities, such as anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and antifibrotic activities, and possess the properties against type 2 diabetes, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity and cancers . However, there is little knowledge about the effects of TOE on acute colitis.…”