The physiological function of nerve growth factor in the central nervous system: Comparison with the periphery

Thoenen, H.; Bandtlow, Christine E.; Heumann, Rolf

doi:10.1007/bfb0031026

Cited by 507 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(219 reference statements)

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“…In the sensory nerves, however, NGF decreases after birth. 21 Levels of NGF decrease with age. 9,10 NGF has a signi®cant role in the regeneration of injured dorsal root ganglion in aged animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential gene expression of growth factors in young and old rat penile tissues is associated with erectile dysfunction

et al. 1999

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The molecular mechanisms of erectile dysfunction with aging are unclear. Recent studies have suggested that growth factors may play a role in the etiology of erectile dysfunction. This present study was designed to test the hypothesis that gene expression of various growth factors such as TGFa, TGFb1, TGFb2, TGFb3, IGF and NGF modulate with aging in rat penile tissues. For this purpose, total RNA was extracted from young and old rat penile tissues and the gene expression for these growth factors was determined by differential reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using speci®c oligonucleotide primers. mRNA levels of growth factors were quanti®ed by using b-actin as an internal standard. The results of these experiments suggest that: (1) young and old rat penile tissues expressed mRNA transcripts for TGFa, TGFb1, TGFb2, TGFb3, IGF and NGF; (2) TGFb1 gene expression was signi®cantly increased in old rat penile tissues as compared to young; (3) mRNA transcripts for NGF and TGFb3 were signi®cantly lower in old rat penile tissues as compared to young; and (4) TGFa, TGFb2 and IGF mRNA expression did not change in young and old rat penile tissues. These results suggest that the differential gene expression for various growth factors in young and old rat penile tissues may be important in understanding the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction associated with aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential gene expression of growth factors in young and old rat penile tissues is associated with erectile dysfunction

et al. 1999

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“…Iti the CNS, the highest amounts of NGF are produced in the cortex and in the hippocampus, which are the main target areas for cholinergic neurons localized in the nucleus basahs magnocellularis and medial septum, respectively (5,(41)(42)(43).…”

Section: Ngf and The Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tlie tertii "NGF" was introduced about 40 years ago to describe ati effect on the developing sensory atid sytupathetic neurons of birds and matnnials (1). NGF, otie of the most thoroughly studied neurotrophic factors, regulates the survival and development of a specific population of neurons in the nervous systems (1,4,5). In recent years, numerous studies have provided evidence that the effects of NGF are not limited to the peripheral nervous system but also act on cells of the central tiervous system (CNS) and on cells of the endocrine and immune systems (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The expanding role of nerve growth factor: from neurotrophic activity to immunologic diseases

Aloe

Bracci-Laudiero

Бонини

et al. 1997

Allergy

204

127

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Numerous studies published in the last 10–15 years have shown that nerve growth factor (NGF), a polypeptide originally discovered in connection with its neurotrophic activity, also acts on cells of the immune system. NGF has been found in various immune organs including the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus, and cells such as mast cells, eosinophils, and B and T cells. The circulating levels of NGF increase in inflammatory responses, in various autoimmune diseases, in parasitic infections, and in allergic diseases. Stress‐related events both in animal models and in man also result in an increase of NGF, suggesting that this molecule is involved in neuroendocrine functions. The rapid release of NGF is part of an alerting signal in response to either psychologically stressful or anxiogenic conditions in response to homeostatic alteration. Thus, the inflammation and stress‐induced increase in NGF might alone or in association with other biologic mediators induce the activation of immune cells during immunologic insults. A clearer understanding of the role of NGF in these events may be useful to identify the mechanisms implicated in certain neuroimmune and immune dysfunctions.

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“…20 On the other hand, it has been shown that macrophages support the regeneration of the central and peripheral nervous system; 21,22 the cells secrete interleukin-1 (IL-1) 23 and mediate the release of nerve growth factor (NGF) in a variety of tissues, including Schwann cells. NGF leads to increased neural survival and regeneration [26][27][28] and is involved in age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. 27,29 Komeda et al 30 have indicated that the blockage of IL-1 activity in the inner ear induces spiral ganglion degeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of accelerated presbycusis by bone marrow transplantation in senescence-accelerated mice

Iwai

Lee

Inaba

et al. 2001

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:A substrain of the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM), the SAMP1 mouse, is an animal model for accelerated senescence including the age-related acceleration of both immunological dysfunction and hearing loss caused by the impairment of spiral ganglion cells. In the present study, we examine whether the accelerated presbycusis can be prevented by allogeneic BMT. Young SAMP1 (H-2 k ) mice were irradiated with 9 Gy and then reconstituted with bone marrow cells from normal BALB/c (H-2 d ) mice. Allogeneic BMT was found to prevent the development of immunological dysfunction, hearing loss, and apoptosis of spinal ganglion cells in SAMP1 mice. These findings indicate that some types of accelerated presbycusis do not result from defects in the cochlea, but do from defects in the hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and immunocompetent cells derived from the HSC. If this is the case, either allogeneic BMT, which replaces abnormal HSC with normal HSC and reconstructs a normal immune system in the recipients, or autologous BMT using genetically modified bone marrow cells, could become a new strategy for the treatment of presbycusis. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2001) 28, 323-328. Keywords: presbycusis; spiral ganglion cell; bone marrow transplantation; T lymphocyte; apoptosis There has been no strategy for the prevention and treatment of presbycusis. There is a widespread presumption based on clinical observations that presbycusis is an inherited disorder, and that genetic factors may influence both the rate and severity of the hearing loss. 1,2 However, the genetic factors are still unclear, since more than one pathologic process may be acting upon the auditory system, 1 and environmental factors are also involved. 3 Among animal models of presbycusis, the SAMP1 mouse is most suitable by virtue of its progressive hearing loss with an onset at an early age, as well as accelerated senescence in an inherited pattern. 4,5 Molecular studies, such as transfer experiments of the Akv-1 gene 4 and apoA-II gene, 6 are in progress. Age-accelerated somatic mutations were also found in the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt) locus of splenic lymphocytes. 7 This mouse strain shows an early occurrence of accelerated dysfunctions of immunocompetent cells, particularly T cells, 4,8 followed by accelerated hearing impairment, 5 the loss of physical activity, alopecia, periophthalmic lesions, and increased lordokyphosis of the spine, as well as spontaneous age-associated amyloidosis and shortened lifespan. 9,10 Early production of autoantibodies against DNA, thymocytes and collagen type II and the early deposition of immune complexes in the glomeruli of the kidney have been demonstrated in these mice. 11 Since age-related changes in the immune system appear relatively early in life, it is suggested that immune impairment may be a cause of age-related disease. 4 We have previously shown that the dysfunctions of immunocompetent cells, but not abnormalities in the cochlea, cause the development of autoimmune sensori-neural hearin...

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The physiological function of nerve growth factor in the central nervous system: Comparison with the periphery

Cited by 507 publications

References 145 publications

Differential gene expression of growth factors in young and old rat penile tissues is associated with erectile dysfunction

Differential gene expression of growth factors in young and old rat penile tissues is associated with erectile dysfunction

The expanding role of nerve growth factor: from neurotrophic activity to immunologic diseases

Prevention of accelerated presbycusis by bone marrow transplantation in senescence-accelerated mice

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