The Piedra Chamana fossil woods (Eocene, Peru), II

Woodcock, Deborah; Meyer, Herbert W.; Prado, Y.

doi:10.1163/22941932-40190231

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…All nodes have posterior probabilities (PP) 1, except a node with gray circle (PP = 0.65). Calibrations used in this study (red circles): I: B. langstoni (84–74 Ma, Wheeler and Lehman 2000 ); II: G. canalisum (67–64 Ma, Wheeler et al 2017 ); III: Guazuma santacruzensis (39 Ma, Woodcock et al 2019 ); IV: S. patagonica and S. washburnii (72–66 Ma, Berry 1938 ; Dutra and Batten 2000 ); V: D. borneensis (66–56 Ma, Muller 1968 ); VI: Tilia sp. (72–66 Ma, Rouse et al 1970 ); VII: B. annae (62–56 Ma, Van Der Hammen 1954 , Carvalho et al 2011 ); VIII: M. macondicus (62–56 Ma, Carvalho et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combined occurrence of tile cells and radial canals allows us to confidently assign this fossil wood to this subfamily ( Wheeler et al 2017 ). Another fossil wood, Guazuma santacrucensis from the middle Eocene (39 Ma) of Peru, and which shares many anatomical characteristics with the New-world genus Guazuma ( Woodcock et al. 2019 ), was used to constrain the age of the crown group of Byttnerioideae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenomics resolves deep subfamilial relationships in Malvaceaes.l.

Cvetković

Areces-Berazain

Hinsinger

et al. 2021

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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Malvaceae s.l., the most diverse family within Malvales, includes well-known species of great economic importance like cotton, cacao, and durian. Despite numerous phylogenetic analyses employing multiple markers, relationships between several of its nine subfamilies, particularly within the largest lineage /Malvadendrina, remain unclear. In this study, we attempted to resolve the relationships within the major clades of Malvaceae s.l. using plastid genomes of 48 accessions representing all subfamilies. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses recovered a fully resolved and well-supported topology confirming the split of the family into /Byttneriina (/Grewioideae +/Byttnerioideae) and /Malvadendrina. Within /Malvadendrina, /Helicteroideae occupied the earliest branching position, followed by /Sterculioideae, /Brownlowioideae, /Tiliodeae, and /Dombeyoideae formed a clade sister to /Malvatheca (/Malvoideae +/Bombacoideae), a grouping morphologically supported by the lack of androgynophore. Results from dating analyses suggest that all subfamilies originated during hot or warm phases in the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene. This study presents a well-supported phylogenetic framework for Malvaceae s.l. that will aid downstream revisions and evolutionary studies of this economically important plant family.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics resolves deep subfamilial relationships in Malvaceaes.l.

Cvetković

Areces-Berazain

Hinsinger

et al. 2021

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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“…The overall trend in species diversity of the Neotropical forests during the early Eocene to Oligocene interval follows the same variations as global temperature, including an increase during both the PETM and EECO (Jaramillo et al ., 2006, 2010b), and a sharp decrease at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (Jaramillo et al ., 2006; Jaramillo & Cardenas, 2013). The Eocene record also shows the earliest evidence of Neotropical South American dry forests (TDF), during the late Middle Eocene of Perú (Woodcock et al ., 2009, 2017, 2019, 2020; Woodcock & Meyer, 2020), and the Late Eocene in central Colombia that includes the presence of the Pterocarpus clade (Fabaceae), Bombacoideae, and Euphorbiaceae (Martinez et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Paleogene the Onset Of The Trf And Tdfmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of extant South American tropical biomes

Jaramillo

2023

New Phytologist

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This review explores the evolution of extant South American tropical biomes, focusing on when and why they developed. Tropical vegetation experienced a radical transformation from being dominated by non-angiosperms at the onset of the Cretaceous to full angiosperm dominance nowadays. Cretaceous tropical biomes do not have extant equivalents; lowland forests, dominated mainly by gymnosperms and ferns, lacked a closed canopy. This condition was radically transformed following the massive extinction event at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. The extant lowland tropical rainforests first developed at the onset of the Cenozoic with a multistratified forest, an angiosperm-dominated closed canopy, and the dominance of the main families of the tropics including legumes. Cenozoic rainforest diversity has increased during global warming and decreased during global cooling. Tropical dry forests emerged at least by the late Eocene, whereas other Neotropical biomes including tropical savannas, montane forests, p aramo/puna, and xerophytic forest are much younger, greatly expanding during the late Neogene, probably at the onset of the Quaternary, at the expense of the rainforest.

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“…(InsideWood 2022; Woodcock et al . 2019). It is important to note that Dipterocarpaceae differs from Malvaceae by having axial canals (Metcalfe & Chalk 1957; IAWA 1989).…”

Section: Systematic Palaeobotanymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2014; Woodcock et al . 2019). Duboscia has vessel–ray pits similar to intervessel pits, crystals, and storied elements (Détienne 2012).…”

Section: Systematic Palaeobotanymentioning

confidence: 99%

A unique Late Cretaceous fossil wood assemblage from Chilean Patagonia provides clues to a high‐latitude continental environment

Martínez,

Leppe,

Manríquez

et al. 2023

Papers in Palaeontology

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Fossil plants, including large trunks, stems, some branches, and twigs, were collected from the Maastrichtian (68.9 Ma), upper Dorotea Formation in the Magallanes–Austral Basin, 16 km north of the Cerro Guido–Las Chinas complex in the southern Chilean Magallanes region. These fossil trunks range from 0.2 to 2.2 m in length. Petrographic slides were made in three sections (transverse, radial and tangential) and analysed under a light microscope to study the permineralized fossils. The woods and stems belong to Austroginkgoxylon gen. et sp. nov., Agathoxylon antarcticum, Podocarpoxylon paradoxi sp. nov., Podocarpoxylon mazzonii, Palmoxylon subantarcticae and Notomalvaceoxylon magallanense gen. et sp. nov. The growth rings of gymnosperms and anatomical characters of angiosperms were analysed to obtain palaeoecological data. Interactions between gymnosperm roots growing into the secondary xylem of an angiosperm (nurse logs) are recorded. The data obtained from the fossil woods suggest warm and humid conditions in this southern South American locality during the Late Cretaceous, providing a unique opportunity to study continental environments at high southern latitudes, which are poorly represented on a global scale.

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The Piedra Chamana fossil woods (Eocene, Peru), II

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Phylogenomics resolves deep subfamilial relationships in Malvaceaes.l.

Phylogenomics resolves deep subfamilial relationships in Malvaceaes.l.

The evolution of extant South American tropical biomes

A unique Late Cretaceous fossil wood assemblage from Chilean Patagonia provides clues to a high‐latitude continental environment

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