“…The volume of flows to finance the institutions of chiefdoms varied greatly, but not according to the degree of integration; rather, the nature of institutional finance appears to have been the primary determinant of the extent and nature of exchange. Independent of the degree of political integration, commodity flows were comparatively high among wealthfinanced chiefdoms like those in Bronze Age Europe (Earle et al 1998;Kristiansen 1984) or the Aztec state (Brumfiel 1980) and low among staple-financed chiefdoms like those on the Hawaiian Islands discussed here or in the Inka empire (D'Altroy and Hastorf 2001; Earle 1985).…”
Section: The Economy Of Hawaiian Chiefdomsmentioning
confidence: 79%
“…This is a good example of the use of formal economic principles to explain crosscultural variation. Earle 1978Earle , 1985Earle , 1997bEarle et al 1998). Why in the evolution of social complexity is there no such trend in expanding exchange?…”
Section: Whither Economic Anthropologymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, societies depending more on network strategies used wealth finance linked into very broad-ranging systems of commodity exchanges, especially those involving prestige goods. Among the fairly simple chiefdoms of Early Bronze Age Denmark, for example, the local economy was transformed when it geared up to produce export products in cattle and amber (Earle et al 1998).…”
Section: It Would Predict a Direct Correlation Between The Developmenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Construction of these facilities was organized and supported by the chiefs, who then were their owners. Access to the landscape, made productive by the facilities, was allocated to commoners in return for their corvee labor obligations to the chiefs (Earle 1998). As rent for their subsistence plots, commoners worked specially designated chiefly lands that produced the staples mobilized to support chiefly specialists (managers, warriors, priests, and craftsmen) involved in functions of control (Earle 1978(Earle , 1997a.…”
Section: The Economy Of Hawaiian Chiefdomsmentioning
“…The volume of flows to finance the institutions of chiefdoms varied greatly, but not according to the degree of integration; rather, the nature of institutional finance appears to have been the primary determinant of the extent and nature of exchange. Independent of the degree of political integration, commodity flows were comparatively high among wealthfinanced chiefdoms like those in Bronze Age Europe (Earle et al 1998;Kristiansen 1984) or the Aztec state (Brumfiel 1980) and low among staple-financed chiefdoms like those on the Hawaiian Islands discussed here or in the Inka empire (D'Altroy and Hastorf 2001; Earle 1985).…”
Section: The Economy Of Hawaiian Chiefdomsmentioning
confidence: 79%
“…This is a good example of the use of formal economic principles to explain crosscultural variation. Earle 1978Earle , 1985Earle , 1997bEarle et al 1998). Why in the evolution of social complexity is there no such trend in expanding exchange?…”
Section: Whither Economic Anthropologymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, societies depending more on network strategies used wealth finance linked into very broad-ranging systems of commodity exchanges, especially those involving prestige goods. Among the fairly simple chiefdoms of Early Bronze Age Denmark, for example, the local economy was transformed when it geared up to produce export products in cattle and amber (Earle et al 1998).…”
Section: It Would Predict a Direct Correlation Between The Developmenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Construction of these facilities was organized and supported by the chiefs, who then were their owners. Access to the landscape, made productive by the facilities, was allocated to commoners in return for their corvee labor obligations to the chiefs (Earle 1998). As rent for their subsistence plots, commoners worked specially designated chiefly lands that produced the staples mobilized to support chiefly specialists (managers, warriors, priests, and craftsmen) involved in functions of control (Earle 1978(Earle , 1997a.…”
Section: The Economy Of Hawaiian Chiefdomsmentioning
“…In few other contexts in prehistoric archaeological research has chiefdom organization been argued as strongly as in connection with the Early Bronze Age (EBA) of South Scandinavia, and its spatial correlate, the central place, has been eagerly pursued (Earle et al, 1998;Kristiansen, 1982, p. 262). However, since the chiefdom model was first espoused by researchers concerned with this period, the archaeological record has increased considerably, and still clear evidence of central places is absent.…”
Abstract. Publications on archaeological remains of cultivated plants have been collected, mainly from 1998, with some earlier ones, and some from 1999. A list is given of the finds according to taxon, country, site, and age
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