The political economy of natural resource extraction: a new model or extractive imperialism?

Veltmeyer, Henry

doi:10.1080/02255189.2013.764850

Cited by 128 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…[108,109]). However, neo-extractivism became dominant and even hegemonic because distributional politics towards the masses without questioning social structures enables societal compromises and fulfilled the socially dominant imaginary of "progress", but took place at the cost of nature.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Resource Extractivism As Powerful Global Social-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for Social-Ecological Transformations: Contributions from Social and Political Ecology

et al. 2017

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Transformation has become a major topic of sustainability research. This opens up new perspectives, but at the same time, runs the danger to convert into a new critical orthodoxy which narrows down analytical perspectives. Most research is committed towards a political-strategic approach towards transformation. This focus, however, clashes with ongoing transformation processes towards un-sustainability. The paper presents cornerstones of an integrative approach to social-ecological transformations (SET), which builds upon empirical work and conceptual considerations from Social Ecology and Political Ecology. We argue that a critical understanding of the challenges for societal transformations can be advanced by focusing on the interdependencies between societies and the natural environment. This starting point provides a more realistic understanding of the societal and biophysical constraints of sustainability transformations by emphasising the crisis-driven and contested character of the appropriation of nature and the power relations involved. Moreover, it pursues a transdisciplinary mode of research, decisive for adequately understanding any strategy for transformations towards sustainability. Such a conceptual approach of SET is supposed to better integrate the analytical, normative and political-strategic dimension of transformation research. We use the examples of global land use patterns, neo-extractivism in Latin America and the global water crisis to clarify our approach.

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Section: Dynamics Of Resource Extractivism As Powerful Global Social-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for Social-Ecological Transformations: Contributions from Social and Political Ecology

et al. 2017

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“…A shift in power to leftist parties took place in many countries. Recent studies (Hogenboom 2012;Veltmeyer 2013) suggest that despite political change, the structures of the extractive economy were not abandoned -indeed, quite the contrary. Newly elected leftists, like Morales in Bolivia, Correa in Ecuador or Lula da Silva in Brazil, aimed to reduce poverty in their countries, but in doing so they relied mainly on exports of natural resources, leading to the emergence of the term 'new extractivism.'…”

Section: Journal Of Political Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hopes relating to national development once again began to rely on the extraction and exportation of natural resources. Furthermore, where conflicts occur, governments often tend to take the side of foreign companies against local communities and indigenous groups, who may be affected by environmental pressures due to mining, increasing land demand for agriculture, or fossil fuels extraction (Hogenboom 2012;Veltmeyer 2013). In the following section, the conditions in each country are analyzed in more detail.…”

Section: Journal Of Political Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address the so-called China Effect (e.g. Hogenboom 2012;Veltmeyer 2013;Wylde 2012) and to highlight China's rise in the world economy we show the exports to China separately. China became the main export destination for Brazil, Chile, and Peru, and the second most important for countries like Argentina and Venezuela; it is thus now the major export destination for all resource-rich South American countries (Hogenboom 2012: 142 f.).…”

Section: Journal Of Political Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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South America's biophysical involvement in international trade: the physical trade balances of Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil in the light of ecologically unequal exchange

Dorninger

Eisenmenger²

2016

Journal of Political Ecology

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International trade is becoming increasingly important in the strategies of industrialized economies ('core' countries) to meet their physical needs and maintain their social metabolism. Less industrialized ('non-core') countries, in particular those with low population densities such as countries in South America, provide a large share of the natural resources currently being used by the 'core' countries. This article analyzes the relations of biophysical exchange of Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil with global 'core' and 'non-core' countries in order to add to a discussion of possible relations of different national economic policies, such as import substituting industrialization or neoliberal adjustment, on the countries' physical trade balances (PTBs). By that we will provide a biophysical reading of ecologically unequal exchange; by investigating whether there is a physical net trade flow from 'non-core' to 'core' countries, whether primary products dominate exports of 'non-core' countries in exchange for processed products from 'core' countries, and whether the notion of unfavorable mass-to-price relation for the trading 'non-core' countries applies (Hornborg 2012;Martinez-Alier 2007). The magnitudes, type of material, stage of processing and monetary value of the traded goods are analyzed for the time period from 1962 to 2011. The evaluations have been carried out for trade relations with the 'core' and the 'non-core' countries separately. Additionally, in order to trace the so-called China Effect, which led to the period of new extractivism, the quantities exported to China are shown separately. The results indicate that the three countries examined are net exporters of physical quantities. The physical involvement in 'core'-and 'non-core'-related international trade differs greatly, but at the same time the relative importance of the 'core' as trading partner has decreased steadily over the five decades. Still, 'core'-related trade involves the most unfavorable mass-to-price relation. These conditions, i.e. high importance of unprocessed export commodities, low average unit prices, and an unfavorable monetary trade balance (MTB), reveal many characteristics of an ecologically unequal exchange. This is especially true for Argentina and Brazil. Due to its lower economic performance and limited involvement in international trade, Bolivia to some extent represents an exception. Keywords: Ecologically unequal exchange, physical trade balance, South America, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil. RésuméLe commerce international devient de plus en plus important pour les économies industrialisées afin de satisfaire leurs besoins matériels et maintenir leur fonctionnement social. Les pays en voie de développement, en particulier ceux qui présentent une faible densité de population comme l'Amérique du Sud, fournissent une 1 Christian Dorninger, PhD candidate, Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Germany. E-mail: christian.dorninger "at" leuphana.de. This article is based on his Masters thesis i...

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“…Esta situación ha llevado a varios autores a plantear que el Estado posneoliberal promueve un "neoextractivismo" (Gudynas 2011;Veltmeyer 2013), distinguible del tipo de "extractivismo" que promovía el Estado neoliberal.…”

Section: Gobiernos Posneoliberales En América Latina: ¿Hacia Un Neoexunclassified

Megaminería y desposesión en el Sur: un análisis comparativo

Sacher

2015

Íconos

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ResumenEn este artículo evalúo la pertinencia del concepto de acumulación por desposesión para el análisis de la megaminería en África y América Latina. Inventarío y clasi co diferentes tipos de procesos de desposesión relacionados con la actividad minera a gran escala en ambas regiones. Evidencio la pertinencia de esta categoría para los dos contextos y su capacidad como teoría para captar elementos esenciales de la dinámica del capitalismo a nivel global. Los procesos constitutivos de acumulación por desposesión vinculados a la megaminería son muy similares en ambas regiones, lo que evidencia que las luchas sociales emprendidas contra la megaminería en los dos continentes tienen determinantes globales comunes y por tanto, existe un potencial para formar alianzas entre éstas.Descriptores: Acumulación por desposesión, megaminería, África, América Latina, imperialismo, con ictos mineros. AbstractIn the present article, I evaluate the relevance of the concept of accumulation by dispossession in the case of large-scale mining in Africa and Latin America. I inventory and classify various types of dispossession processes associated with the implementation of large-scale mining activities in both regions. I evidence the relevance of this category in these two contexts, and its theoretical power, by showing how it captures essential elements of the dynamics of capitalism at the global level. In both regions, the processes constitutive of accumulation by dispossession are very similar. Social struggles against large-scale mining on both continents share common global determinants. is evidences the possibility of south-south alliances between these struggles.Keywords: Accumulation by dispossession, large-scale mining, Africa, Latin America, imperialism, mining con icts. d o s s i e r ResumenNeste artigo, avalio a pertinência do conceito de acumulação por expropriação para a análise da mega-mineração na África e América Latina. Inventario e classi co diferentes tipos de processos de expropriação vinculados à atividade mineira a grande escala em ambas as regiões. Evidencio a pertinência desta categoria para os dois contextos e sua capacidade como teoria para captar elementos essenciais da dinâmica do capitalismo a nível global. Os processos constitutivos de acumulação por expropriação vinculados à mega-mineração são muitos similares em ambas as regiões, o que evidencia que as lutas sociais empreendidas nos dois continentes contra a mega-mineração têm determinantes globais comuns e, portanto, existe um potencial para formar alianças entre estas.Descritores: Acumulação por expropriação, mega-mineração, África, América Latina, imperialismo, con itos mineiros. A lo largo de la última década, el concepto de "acumulación por desposesión" de David Harvey ha sido usado por muchos estudiosos, quienes han valorado su capacidad para explicar aspectos dominantes de la dinámica del capitalismo en la era neoliberal. En el presente artículo, mi objetivo es, en primer lugar, recopilar la literatura que ha usado esta categoría como marco t...

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The political economy of natural resource extraction: a new model or extractive imperialism?

Abstract: To cite this article: Henry Veltmeyer (2013) The political economy of natural resource extraction: a new model or extractive imperialism?, Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d'études du développement, 34:1, 79-95,

Cited by 128 publications

References 16 publications

Challenges for Social-Ecological Transformations: Contributions from Social and Political Ecology

Challenges for Social-Ecological Transformations: Contributions from Social and Political Ecology

South America's biophysical involvement in international trade: the physical trade balances of Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil in the light of ecologically unequal exchange

Megaminería y desposesión en el Sur: un análisis comparativo

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