The Politics of Natural Resource Enclosure in South Africa and Ecuador

Hansen, Melissa; Işlar, Mine; Krause, Torsten

doi:10.4103/0972-4923.170406

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Large numbers of people remain poor, and face social injustice (Ojha 2016: 87, Mulinge andLesetedi 1998: 15). The diverse natural resources of both countries are exploited by powerful transnational capitalists (Hansen et al 2015, Taneja et al 2023. Both had long-standing systems of social exclusion.…”

Section: Comparing South Africa and Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative digital protest cultures in South Africa and Tamil Nadu: #feesmustfall, #Jallikattu, and Abahlali baseMjondolo (AbM) - a case of surveillance and diasporic potential

Nkuna,

Govender,

Sewchurran

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper explores three protest movements differing in scale and scope in two regions in the world. #feesmustfall (2015-2016) was a social media movement in South Africa to protest against prohibitive hikes in university fees. #Jallikattu (2017) was a social media movement in Tamil Nadu (India) to lift a ban imposed by the Supreme Court of India against an ancient cultural sport with bulls. Abahlali baseMjondolo (AbM) is a South African social media movement to raise issues related to shack dwellers. While there is literature focusing on these movements individually (Bosch 2016, Kalaiyarasan 2017, Mdlalose 2014), a comparative approach offers some alternate insights into how state power manifests in the age of digital capitalism. Habermas (1987, 1989) theorised the transformation of the public sphere and key to understanding how these publics contest existing power structures is his explication of authentic communicative action. Using Fuchs’s (2016) and Zuboff’s (2019) analyses of social media activism, we examine police brutality and surveillance in these three movements. The classical model of diaspora (Harutyunyan 2012) is introduced to show how it manifests in two of the protest movements, and contemporary notions of diaspora (Grossman 2019: 1265) are explored to see what they could offer to diverse protest cultures.

show abstract

Section: Comparing South Africa and Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative digital protest cultures in South Africa and Tamil Nadu: #feesmustfall, #Jallikattu, and Abahlali baseMjondolo (AbM) - a case of surveillance and diasporic potential

Nkuna,

Govender,

Sewchurran

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ésta prioriza la idea de propiedad privada por sobre las normas consuetudinarias, los arreglos locales, el acceso flexible y el uso del bosque nativo, sobre la base de una lógica que contempla la concepción de los bienes comunes. Al igual que en otros casos, nuevas reglamentaciones ambientales convierten en actividades ilegales las prácticas tradicionales de las comunidades locales (Hansen et al 2015). Como la extracción de madera y leña constituía uno de los pilares en los que se basaban las estrategias de reproducción social campesinas, con la nueva normativa se ve resentido uno de los ingresos principales sobre los que se asienta su economía doméstica.…”

Section: Da Cabrol and Dm Cáceresunclassified

Las disputas por los bienes comunes y su impacto en la apropiación de servicios ecosistémicos. La Ley de Protección de Bosques Nativos, en la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina

Cabrol

Cáceres

2017

Ecol. Austral

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Las disputas por los bienes comunes y su impacto en la apropiación de servicios ecosistémicos. La Ley de Protección deBosques Nativos, en la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina D�� A. C�� * � D�� M. C�� Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, UniversidadNacional de Córdoba. RESUMEN.A partir de las cuatro categorías que regulan la propiedad, el acceso y la apropiación de los bienes naturales (i.e., privada, estatal, libre, y comunal), el presente trabajo busca analizar cómo la aprobación de una ley que propone conservar el bosque nativo i) genera procesos de cercamiento de bienes comunes, y ii) impacta de manera diferencial sobre distintos actores sociales. La utilización de técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas, y la combinación de distintas fuentes de información (i.e., entrevistas a distintos actores sociales, medios masivos de comunicación, documentos gubernamentales) permitió analizar los impactos sociales de la implementación de la Ley de Ordenamiento Territorial para los Bosques Nativos, en la Provincia de Córdoba (Argentina). Los resultados sugieren que la nueva ley prioriza la idea de propiedad privada por sobre las normas consuetudinarias, los arreglos locales y el acceso flexible a los servicios ecosistémicos, propios de la lógica productiva campesina. Los productores capitalizados, con mayor poder económico y político, disponen de mecanismos que les permiten atenuar los efectos restrictivos del nuevo régimen legal y están mejor posicionados para recibir compensaciones monetarias de parte del Estado. Así se generan nuevas condiciones sociales que se traducen en nuevos procesos de exclusión social y en asimetrías económicas entre los productores que operan en un mismo territorio. Son los más vulnerables y con menos poder económico y político (i.e., los campesinos), y los más perjudicados en el nuevo escenario emergente. En un mundo globalizado donde domina la lógica económica de mercado, los ecosistemas nativos están sujetos a una lógica extractivista que prioriza la rentabilidad de corto plazo. Esto genera costos ambientales y sociales elevados. El Estado tiene la responsabilidad de proteger estos ecosistemas a fin de garantizar el bienestar común, pero toda legislación ambiental nueva también debe evaluar sus posibles impactos socioeconómicos.[Palabras clave: exclusión, legislación ambiental, cercamientos, green grabbing]ABSTRACT. Disputes over common goods and its impact on the appropriation of ecosystem services. The Law for Protection of Native Forests, in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina. Drawing upon the four categories that regulate property, access and appropriation of economic goods (i.e., private, public, open access, and common), this paper aims to analyze how the approval of a law that fosters the conservation of native forests a) promotes the enclosure of common goods, and b) causes different impacts among social actors. By using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies and combining different information so...

show abstract

“…Processes of accumulation by dispossession can take many forms in social and economic systems (Harvey, 2003;de Angelis, 2004;Kloppenburg, 2010), though generally involve the conceptual control of enclosures around a given resource. 'Enclosures' refers to "the transformation of common resources into exclusively owned spaces, and the embedded loss of longstanding common rights to natural resources" (Hansen et al, 2015). These enclosures define the conceptual geographies of landscapes, mindscapes, and, in this circumstance, genescapes.…”

Section: Political Ecology Of Seeds and Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory plant breeding in Canada: The political ecology of participatory research networks for organic agriculture

Storosko¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organic farmers face many disadvantaging and marginalizing factors in their agricultural practices. Participatory plant breeding (PPB) is a method of crop breeding that pairs farmers' knowledge with the skills of formal plant breeders to bolster the insights generated by each partner. This study examines the potential of PPB programs to benefit Canadian organic farmers through a case study of the first-ever national PPB program. This study adopts a political ecology approach to analyze how PPB better meets the needs of organic farmers, compared to the dominant industrial seed systems. Farmers identified the networks and collaboration derived from the program to be as important as the actual materials developed. They also expressed the need for consistent institutional funding for PPB and organic agronomy. These findings will allow improvements to be made to the structure and methodologies of existing and new PPB programs to the benefit of all stakeholders.iii Acknowledgements This project was supported though funding that was graciously provided by both the MITACS Accelerate program, and through the Organic Farming Research Foundation. I appreciate immensely this financial support to help support the life and learning of a young researcher. The opportunity to be involved with SeedChange as an intern has helped open insights to the work being done in Canada to support both farmers and sustainable agricultural practices. I am so appreciative for this opportunity to work with SeedChange and look forward to breaking new ground down the road. Thank you to Dr. Helen Jensen and Aabir Dey for their support in mobilizing this research project within their organizational networks. Thank you as well to all the Regional Coordinators at BFICSS; Rebecca, Iris, David, Hugo, and Steph, for getting the word out to research participants and for always being available for a call or email. Special thank you goes out to Hugo Martorell for your help with interpretation during one of my interviews.Thank you to Dr. Martin Entz at the University of Manitoba for your direction and insights into how to make this project flourish.I would like to thank Drs. Patricia Ballamingie and Peter Andrée for their continuous support and direction throughout my graduate degree and thesis. I would like to particularly thank Patricia and Peter for their flexibility and resourcefulness during a period of time and adaptation that was certainly a whirlwind for all students. I would like to thank the amazing staff, faculty, and my graduate peers in the Department of Geography & Environmental Studies at Carleton University. Although it was less than two semesters, the welcome felt in Loeb was carried through all those years writing remotely during the pandemic. This project could not have been realized without the participants. It is their stories, actions, and beliefs as farmers that are the backbone of this work. For their welcoming spirits and iv open approaches to sharing knowledge, I am exceptionally grateful. This process and this project have been a ph...

show abstract

The Politics of Natural Resource Enclosure in South Africa and Ecuador

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Comparative digital protest cultures in South Africa and Tamil Nadu: #feesmustfall, #Jallikattu, and Abahlali baseMjondolo (AbM) - a case of surveillance and diasporic potential

Comparative digital protest cultures in South Africa and Tamil Nadu: #feesmustfall, #Jallikattu, and Abahlali baseMjondolo (AbM) - a case of surveillance and diasporic potential

Las disputas por los bienes comunes y su impacto en la apropiación de servicios ecosistémicos. La Ley de Protección de Bosques Nativos, en la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina

Participatory plant breeding in Canada: The political ecology of participatory research networks for organic agriculture

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About