The Polyhydric Alcohol-Polybasic Acid Reaction. VI. The Glyceryl Adipate and Glyceryl Sebacate Polyesters

Abstract

No quantitative data appear to have been published for the glyceryl adipate and the glyceryl sebacate polymerization reactions. In the present investigation, data are presented for the formation of these polyesters from glycerol and their respective acids. In addition, when considered jointly with the work published on glyceryl succinate,1 the effect on the polyester formation reaction resulting from the increase in chain length

Polycondensation of ‘a − bn’ or ‘a2 + + bn’ Monomers ‐ A Comparison

“…Characteristic examples are illustrated in Equation (1)- (5), Scheme 1. Two polycondensations that involve a cyclic 'a 2 ' plus a cyclic 'b 2 ' monomer have also been reported [9,10] [Equation (6) and (7)]. …”

“…Presumably, the earliest demonstration that heterocycles may be used as monomers in step-growth polymerizations are the polycondensations of cyclic anhydrides (mainly phthalic anhydrides) with glycerol studied by Kienle and co-workers. [5][6][7] Meanwhile, many more polycondensations of cyclic monomers were found and summarized in a recent review article. [8] For these stepgrowth polymerizations, the term 'ring-opening polycondensations' was coined by the author to emphasize the difference from ringopening polymerizations that involve a chain-growth kinetic.…”

“…The most widely explored systems are 'a 2 þ b 3 ' polycondensations. The first experiments in this field were reported by members of General Electric Co. [135,136,[138][139][140] and by Downs and Weisberg. [137] Systematic studies in combination with a theoretical concept were later published by Flory.…”

Multicyclic Polyethers Derived from Tetra(bromomethyl)methane and Flexible Diphenols

“…The first studies of so-called three-dimensional polycondensations that combined di-and trifunctional monomers (a 2 þ b 3 polycondensations) were reported by Kienle et al [1][2][3] and Flory [4] sixty years ago. These so-called three-dimensional polycondensations were performed with feed ratios of 1.5/1.0 (equifunctional) and yielded gels at conversions above 70%.…”

“…These so-called three-dimensional polycondensations were performed with feed ratios of 1.5/1.0 (equifunctional) and yielded gels at conversions above 70%. Over the past twenty years, several research groups have conducted 'a 2 þ b 3 ' polycondensations with feed ratios of 1.0/1.0 (equimolar) with the purpose to prepare (hyper)branched polymers free of gel particles.…”