The population genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation for plants

Young, Andrew G.; Boyle, Tim; Brown, Tony L

doi:10.1016/0169-5347(96)10045-8

Cited by 1,752 publications

(1,760 citation statements)

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“…Population size, plant density, isolation, and spatial structure are known to affect the mating system in plants (Young et al. 1996; Sork et al. 1999; Hoebee et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But smaller, disjunct populations are more prone to reduced gene flow, and to increased genetic drift and inbreeding (Young et al. 1996). This can result in genetic impoverishment within populations, divergence among populations, and inbreeding depression, which can have important consequences for seed production and fitness (Ellstrand and Elam 1993; Coates et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mating systems and gene dispersal are affected by the size, density, spatial genetic structure, and spatial separation of populations (Young et al. 1996; Sork et al. 1999; Hoebee et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Limiting inbreeding in disjunct and isolated populations of a woody shrub

Sampson

Byrne

Gibson

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Pollen movements and mating patterns are key features that influence population genetic structure. When gene flow is low, small populations are prone to increased genetic drift and inbreeding, but naturally disjunct species may have features that reduce inbreeding and contribute to their persistence despite genetic isolation. Using microsatellite loci, we investigated outcrossing levels, family mating parameters, pollen dispersal, and spatial genetic structure in three populations of Hakea oldfieldii, a fire‐sensitive shrub with naturally disjunct, isolated populations prone to reduction in size and extinction following fires. We mapped and genotyped a sample of 102 plants from a large population, and all plants from two smaller populations (28 and 20 individuals), and genotyped 158–210 progeny from each population. We found high outcrossing despite the possibility of geitonogamous pollination, small amounts of biparental inbreeding, a limited number of successful pollen parents within populations, and significant correlated paternity. The number of pollen parents for each seed parent was moderate. There was low but significant spatial genetic structure up to 10 m around plants, but the majority of successful pollen came from outside this area including substantial proportions from distant plants within populations. Seed production varied among seven populations investigated but was not correlated with census population size. We suggest there may be a mechanism to prevent self‐pollination in H. oldfieldii and that high outcrossing and pollen dispersal within populations would promote genetic diversity among the relatively small amount of seed stored in the canopy. These features of the mating system would contribute to the persistence of genetically isolated populations prone to fluctuations in size.

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“…Population size, plant density, isolation, and spatial structure are known to affect the mating system in plants (Young et al. 1996; Sork et al. 1999; Hoebee et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Limiting inbreeding in disjunct and isolated populations of a woody shrub

Sampson

Byrne

Gibson

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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show abstract

“…Fragmentation may reduce genetic diversity and connectivity of populations (Young et al. 1996; Dixo et al. 2009) and may lead to an increased risk of fixation of new deleterious mutations and genetic diseases (Lande 1994), reduced survivorship and fertility (inbreeding depression) (Jimenez et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genetics of the olive‐winged bulbul (Pycnonotus plumosus) in a tropical urban‐fragmented landscape

Tang

Sadanandan

Rheindt

2015

Ecology and Evolution

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With increasing urbanization, urban‐fragmented landscapes are becoming more and more prevalent worldwide. Such fragmentation may lead to small, isolated populations that face great threats from genetic factors that affect even avian species with high dispersal propensities. Yet few studies have investigated the population genetics of species living within urban‐fragmented landscapes in the Old World tropics, in spite of the high levels of deforestation and fragmentation within this region. We investigated the evolutionary history and population genetics of the olive‐winged bulbul (Pycnonotus plumosus) in Singapore, a highly urbanized island which retains <5% of its original forest cover in fragments. Combining our own collected and sequenced samples with those from the literature, we conducted phylogenetic and population genetic analyses. We revealed high genetic diversity, evidence for population expansion, and potential presence of pronounced gene flow across the population in Singapore. This suggests increased chances of long‐term persistence for the olive‐winged bulbul and the ecosystem services it provides within this landscape.

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“…Table 1. Genetic diversity of the mother trees and the seeds from Pinus densiflora in Buan, South Korea, using nuclear microsatellite markers (The standard deviation is in parentheses) (Raijmann et al, 1994;Young et al, 1996). …”

Section: Fig 2 Correlogram Of Spatial Autocorrelation For Adult Trementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Parameters of Pollen Flow and Mating System in Pinus densiflora Population in Buan, South Korea, Using Microsatellite Markers

Kim¹,

Hong²,

Park³

et al. 2015

Korean Journal of Plant Resources

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-Parameters of mating system and pollen flow of a Pinus densiflora population in Buan, South Korea, were estimated using seven nuclear microsatellite markers. The expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.614 in mother trees and 0.624 in seeds. Fixation index (F) was 0.018 and 0.087 in each generation. There was no significant genetic difference between the generations (P > 0.05). From MLTR, the outcrossing rate (tm), the biparental inbreeding (tm-ts), and the correlation of paternity (rp) were 0.967, 0.057, and 0.012, respectively. tm was larger but tm-ts and rp were smaller than those of allozyme markers in Pinus densiflora. These values were similar to those of microsatellite markers in other pine species. The optimal pollen dispersal model from TwoGener was the normal dispersal model with the effective density of 220 trees/ha and its level of genetic differentiation in pollen pool structure (Φft) was 0.021. The average radial distance of pollen flow (δ ) was calculated as 11.42 m, but no correlation between the pairwise-Φft and the geographical distance among mother trees was at Mantel test (r = -0.141, P > 0.05). Although the effective pollen dispersal in the population seems to be restricted, the amount of genetic variation might be maintained in each generation without a loss of genetic diversity. It might be because the genetic diversity in pollen pool was high but the genetic difference between pollen donors was small under the complete random mating condition in the Pinus densiflora population in Buan.

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The population genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation for plants

Cited by 1,752 publications

References 44 publications

Limiting inbreeding in disjunct and isolated populations of a woody shrub

Limiting inbreeding in disjunct and isolated populations of a woody shrub

Population genetics of the olive‐winged bulbul (Pycnonotus plumosus) in a tropical urban‐fragmented landscape

Estimating the Parameters of Pollen Flow and Mating System in Pinus densiflora Population in Buan, South Korea, Using Microsatellite Markers

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