The population impact of obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and tobacco and alcohol consumption on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes: Analysis of a health population survey in Chile, 2010

Abstract

AimTo estimate the impact of tobacco use, sedentary lifestyle, obesity and alcohol consumption on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence in the Chilean population.MethodsThe study-included 5,293 subjects with fasting glycaemia levels from the nationwide cross-sectional health survey in 2010, commissioned by the Ministry of Health, Chile. Crude and Adjusted Odds Ratio to T2DM and its corresponding 95% confidence interval were estimated through logistic regressions. Attributable fractions and population attributable fractions were estimated.ResultsT2DM prevalence was 9.5%. Sedentary lifestyles and obesity were significant risk factors for T2DM. 52,4% of T2DM could be avoided if these individuals were not obese, and at a population level, 23% of T2DM could be preventable if obesity did not exist. A 64% of T2DM is explained by sedentariness, and if people would become active, a 62,2% of the cases of diabetes could be avoided.InterpretationAbout 79% of T2DM cases in Chile could be prevented with cost-effective strategies focused on preventing sedentary lifestyle and obesity. It’s therefore urgent to implement evidence-based public health polices, aimed to decrease the prevalence of T2DM, by controlling its risk factors and consequently, reducing the complications from T2DM.

Population attributable fractions of the main type 2 diabetes mellitus risk factors in women: Findings from the French E3N cohort

“…In the present study we estimated that moderate to high physical activity could prevent incident T2DM, and this is consistent with the PAF estimates for physical inactivity in a systematic review, 47 which varied widely from 3% to 39% across studies. 29,47 The results of the present study also suggest that some biomarkers used in the monitoring of the cardiometabolic risk could have a significant effect on T2DM risk. We reported a significant proportion of T2DM cases attributable to hypercholesterolemia, which has been little assessed previously, with the few available studies considering total cholesterol and T2DM risk being performed in patients who ever had diabetes.…”

“…Previous studies have also showed a major effect of overweight and obesity in T2DM cases, ranging from 28% in China to 77% in Finland. 26,29,30 Despite the low prevalence of obesity in our population, it still appears to be the strongest individual predictor of T2DM.…”

“…significant PAF associated with excessive alcohol consumption. 29 A possible explanation for this apparent discrepancy is that in the Chilean study excessive consumption was studied, whereas in the present study we evaluated the effect of moderate consumption. Indeed, in two meta-analyses, a dose-response analysis showed a U-shaped relationship between alcohol intake and T2DM.…”

“…In a previous study, being a former smoker led to a statistically significant PAF only in men. 29 A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies reported a considerably higher relative risk of diabetes with smoking intensity. 43,44 However, in previous studies, no association between smoking and T2DM risk was reported in a large multiethnic cohort 45 or an association between smoking and T2DM risk was reported only in men, 46 suggesting a complex role of smoking in T2DM risk.…”

Peran Riwayat Ayah Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 pada Status Prediabetes Anak Kandung Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

“…17 Studi Bertoglia, dkk. 18 pada tahun 2010 melaporkan bahwa gaya hidup sedenter merupakan faktor risiko bermakna T2DM pada populasi Chile. Hasil studi yang kontradiktif ini kemungkinan disebabkan karena ketiadaan perokok pada kelompok subjek sedenter yang mayoritas merupakan perempuan.…”