The Potential Functions and Mechanisms of Oat on Cancer Prevention: A Review

Abstract

Oat is classified as a whole grain and contains high contents of protein, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals (such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins). In recent years, studies have focused on the effects of oat consumption on reducing the risk of a variety of diseases. Reports have indicated that an oat diet exerts certain biological functions, such as preventing cardiovascular diseases, reducing blood glucose, and promoting intestinal health, along with antiallergy, antioxidation, and cancer preventive effects. At present, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The natural products of oat are an important breakthrough for developing new strategies of cancer prevention, and their ability to interact with multiple cellular targets helps to combat the complexity of cancer pathogenesis. In addition, the comprehensive study of the cancer prevention activity and potential mechanism of oat nutrients and phytochemicals has become a research hotspot. In this Review, we focused on the potential functions of peptides, dietary fiber, and phytochemicals in oats on cancer prevention and further revealed novel mechanisms and prospects for clinical application. These findings might provide a novel approach to deeply understand the functions and mechanisms for cancer prevention of oat consumption.

Exome-Based Amino Acid Optimization: A Dietary Strategy to Satisfy Human Nutritional Demands and Enhance Muscle Strength in Breast Tumor Mice Undergoing Chemotherapy

“…43 Alistipes has demonstrated positive associations with physical function and muscle strength in humans. 32 Additionally, Alistipes produces shortchain fatty acids, such as butyrate, propionate, and acetate, which serve as vital energy sources for intestinal epithelial cells and modulate intestinal immunity and inflammation. 44,45 These results suggest that Alistipes might be involved in improving muscle function in tumor-bearing mice undergoing chemotherapy and receiving amino acid-adjusted nutritional supplements.…”

“…Investigating effective nutritional intervention and muscle protection strategies for cancer patients holds significant importance in improving their quality of life, enhancing treatment tolerance, and ultimately improving overall survival outcomes . In recent years, numerous studies have begun to explore the optimization of nutritional support for cancer patients by adjusting the composition and relative ratios of amino acids in their diets. − However, determining the ideal proportional balance of dietary amino acids to enhance the nutritional status of breast cancer patients, support muscle function, and influence other relevant physiological markers remains a challenging endeavor.…”

Oat β‐glucan alleviates muscle atrophy via promoting myotube formation and suppressing protein degradation

“…β‐Glucan is an important soluble dietary fiber and widely found in oats, barley, and other cereals. Its content in oats is approximately 3–7% 2 . The anti‐inflammatory effects of β‐glucan have been studied.…”

“…Its content in oats is approximately 3-7%. 2 The anti-inflammatory effects of ⊎-glucan have been studied. Reports indicated that moderate intake of ⊎-glucan was beneficial to the human intestine and mitigated damage to the intestine during inflammation via exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.…”

“…Compared to refined grains, whole grains are rich in nutrients especially dietary fiber and micronutrients, and contain high level of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, benzoxazinoids, flavonoids, lignans, and phytosterols 1 . Evidence indicates that consumption of whole grains contribute to balancing the diet and preventing chronic diseases such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and colorectal cancer, etc 2‐5 …”