The potential of glycerol and phenol towards H2 production using steam reforming reaction: A review

Charisiou, Nikolaos D.; Polychronopoulou, Kyriaki; Asif, Ayesha; Goula, Maria A.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.08.008

Cited by 78 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…The overall reaction is represented by Equation N.2., whereas the potential benefit of obtaining large amounts of H 2 on the basis of a hydrogen:glycerol molar ratio of 7 is very evident. According to several studies, the best results for SR are obtained in the temperature range of 525-575 • C; conversely, a decreased selectivity toward H 2 is observed at lower temperatures with the formation of methane and carbon dioxide [88]. Generally speaking, SR proceeds at 1 atm, but vacuum pressures (which would permit lower temperatures) might be preferred, in order to reduce the sintering of the catalyst and energy costs.…”

Section: Glycerol Steam Reforming (Sr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen from Renewables: A Case Study of Glycerol Reforming

Fasolini

Cespi²,

Tabanelli

et al. 2019

Catalysts

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Biomass is an interesting candidate raw material for the production of renewable hydrogen. The conversion of biomass into hydrogen can be achieved by several processes. In particular, this short review focuses on the recent advances in glycerol reforming to hydrogen, highlighting the development of new and active catalysts, the optimization of reaction conditions, and the use of non-innocent supports as advanced materials for supported catalysts. Different processes for hydrogen production from glycerol, especially aqueous phase reforming (APR) and steam reforming (SR), are described in brief. Thermodynamic analyses, which enable comparison with experimental studies, are also considered. In addition, research advances in terms of life cycle perspective applied to support R&D activities in the synthesis of renewable H2 from biomass are presented. Lastly, also featured is an evaluation of the studies published, as evidence of the increased interest of both academic research and the industrial community in biomass conversion to energy sources.

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Section: Glycerol Steam Reforming (Sr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen from Renewables: A Case Study of Glycerol Reforming

Fasolini

Cespi²,

Tabanelli

et al. 2019

Catalysts

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“…The TPR profiles of the Ni/Ce-Sm-5Cu, Ni/Ce-Sm-7Cu and Ni/Ce-Sm-10Cu catalysts are presented in Figure 7 . The TPR profiles are dominated by peaks in three different regions, namely 100–300 °C, 300–500 °C and >500 °C, demonstrating the presence of different species of mobile oxygen in these catalysts in the surface and in the bulk, a property of particular importance in steam reforming reaction [ 62 , 63 ]. Due to the multi-elemental composition of the catalysts, and the multiple peaks apparent in the patterns, which corroborate for the reduction process complexity, it is useful to firstly present some useful considerations, based on the literature, as following: According to the literature [ 64 ], for a 10Cu/CeO 2 catalyst, two reduction peaks at 200 °C and 240 °C were found, which correspond to the reduction of highly dispersed CuO nano-particles on CeO 2 (peak at 200 °C), and bulk CuO entities [ 64 ], respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Ni Addition onto a Cu-Based Ternary Support on the H2 Production over Glycerol Steam Reforming Reaction

et al. 2018

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In the present study, Ni/Ce-Sm-xCu (x = 5, 7, 10 at.%) catalysts were prepared using microwave radiation coupled with sol-gel and followed by wetness impregnation method for the Ni incorporation. Highly dispersed nanocrystallites of CuO and NiO on the Ce-Sm-Cu support were found. Increase of Cu content seems to facilitate the reducibility of the catalyst according to the H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). All the catalysts had a variety of weak, medium and strong acid/basic sites that regulate the reaction products. All the catalysts had very high XC3H8O3 for the entire temperature (400–750 °C) range; from ≈84% at 400 °C to ≈94% at 750 °C. Ni/Ce-Sm-10Cu catalyst showed the lowest XC3H8O3-gas implying the Cu content has a detrimental effect on performance, especially between 450–650 °C. In terms of H2 selectivity (SH2) and H2 yield (YH2), both appeared to vary in the following order: Ni/Ce-Sm-10Cu > Ni/Ce-Sm-7Cu > Ni/Ce-Sm-5Cu, demonstrating the high impact of Cu content. Following stability tests, all the catalysts accumulated high amounts of carbon, following the order Ni/Ce-Sm-5Cu < Ni/Ce-Sm-7Cu < Ni/Ce-Sm-10Cu (52, 65 and 79 wt.%, respectively) based on the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies. Raman studies showed that the incorporation of Cu in the support matrix controls the extent of carbon graphitization deposited during the reaction at hand.

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“…Arguably, despite making significant progress in substituting fossil energy with Renewable Energy Systems (RES) for electricity production, in the transport sector petro-energy retains a protagonists role, with current efforts in finding an alternative relying on the development of starch-and sugar-based ethanol, deoxygenation for the production of bio-hydrogenated diesel, and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) biodiesel [1][2][3][4]. Although it s not a hyperbole to describe the advancement of the biodiesel industry as phenomenal-the sector achieved growth rates of almost 25% per annum between 2005 and 2015, leading to a seven-fold expansion during a single decade-biofuels account for less than 7% of fuels used in the transport sector [5,6]. Moreover, the production of crude glycerol, the main by-product of the transesterification reaction, has also expanded synchronously, hanging like an anathema over the sustainable credentials of the industry [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Noble Metal (M: Ir, Pt, Pd) on M/Ce2O3-γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Hydrogen Production via the Steam Reforming of Glycerol

et al. 2020

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A promising route for the energetic valorisation of the main by-product of the biodiesel industry is the steam reforming of glycerol, as it can theoretically produce seven moles of H2 for every mole of C3H8O3. In the work presented herein, CeO2–Al2O3 was used as supporting material for Ir, Pd and Pt catalysts, which were prepared using the incipient wetness impregnation technique and characterized by employing N2 adsorption–desorption, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The catalytic experiments aimed at identifying the effect of temperature on the total conversion of glycerol, on the conversion of glycerol to gaseous products, the selectivity towards the gaseous products (H2, CO2, CO, CH4) and the determination of the H2/CO and CO/CO2 molar ratios. The main liquid effluents produced during the reaction were quantified. The results revealed that the Pt/CeAl catalyst was more selective towards H2, which can be related to its increased number of Brønsted acid sites, which improved the hydrogenolysis and dehydrogenation–dehydration of condensable intermediates. The time-on-stream experiments, undertaken at low Water Glycerol Feed Ratios (WGFR), showed gradual deactivation for all catalysts. This is likely due to the dehydration reaction, which leads to the formation of unsaturated hydrocarbon species and eventually to carbon deposition. The weak metal–support interaction shown for the Ir/CeAl catalyst also led to pronounced sintering of the metallic particles.

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The potential of glycerol and phenol towards H2 production using steam reforming reaction: A review

Cited by 78 publications

References 187 publications

Hydrogen from Renewables: A Case Study of Glycerol Reforming

Hydrogen from Renewables: A Case Study of Glycerol Reforming

The Effect of Ni Addition onto a Cu-Based Ternary Support on the H2 Production over Glycerol Steam Reforming Reaction

The Effect of Noble Metal (M: Ir, Pt, Pd) on M/Ce2O3-γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Hydrogen Production via the Steam Reforming of Glycerol

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