The Potential of Lactobacillus casei on TNF- and IL-1 Levels Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by insulin resistance which will cause blood glucose levels to increase. That factor can result in an increase of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF- dan IL-1 which will cause the severity of the disease gets worse. Intraoral antidiabetic drugs have several side effects; therefore, it is necessary to provide probiotic supplements such as Lactobacillus casei to reduce levels of TNF- dan IL-1 so that type 2 diabetes mellitus doesn’t get worse. These bacteria can also increase levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. This study aims to learn and understand more deeply about the potential of Lactobacillus casei on TNF- and IL-1 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a chronic disease by the pancreas not being able to produce the hormone insulin in large quantities due to insulin resistance caused by impaired insulin secretion in pancreas. TNF- and IL-1 is a cytokines that plays role in the body’s defense function, if cytokines produce in excess amount it will increase the inflammatory process. Lactobacillus casei is a probiotic bacterium that can be found in yoghurt, cheese, raw meat, and other food ingredients. Lactobacillus casei has the potential to reduce TNF- dan IL-1 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.