The potential role of plant-derived natural products in improving arterial stiffness: A review of dietary intervention studies

Alidadi, Mona; Jamialahmadi, Tannaz; Cicero, Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe; Bianconi, Vanessa; Pirro, Matteo; Banach, Maciej; Sahebkar, Amirhossein

doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.026

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…3,4 The benefits of flavonoids on ASCVD, are likely due, at least in part, to their favourable effects on vascular function, blood pressure and arterial stiffness. 3,[5][6][7] Flavonoids have shown anti-hypertensive and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials investigating specific flavonoid-rich products, such as flavan-3-ol-rich cocoa and black tea, isoflavone-rich soy protein, anthocyanin-rich berries and isolated (purified) flavonol capsules have found that flavonoid interventions can significantly reduce blood pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher habitual dietary flavonoid intake associates with lower central blood pressure and arterial stiffness in healthy older adults

et al. 2021

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Flavonoids have shown anti-hypertensive and anti-atherosclerotic properties: the impact of habitual flavonoid intake on vascular function, central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness may be important. We investigated the relationship between habitual flavonoid consumption and measures of central blood pressure and arterial stiffness. We performed cross-sectional analysis of 381 non-smoking healthy older adults (mean ± SD age, 66.0 ± 4.1 years; BMI, 26.4 ± 4.41 kg/m2; 41% male) recruited as part of the Australian Research Council Longevity Intervention (ARCLI) study. Flavonoid intake [i.e., flavonols, flavones, flavanones, anthocyanins, isoflavones, flavan-3-ol monomers, proanthocyanidins, theaflavins/thearubigins and total consumption] was estimated from food-frequency questionnaires using the US Department of Agriculture food composition databases. Measures of central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness included systolic blood pressure (cSBP), diastolic blood pressure (cDBP), mean arterial pressure (cMAP), and augmentation index (cAIx). After adjusting for demographic and lifestyle confounders, each standard deviation (SD)/day higher intake of anthocyanins (SD=44.3 mg/day) was associated with significantly lower cDBP (−1.56 mmHg, 95% CI: −2.65, −0.48) and cMAP (−1.62 mmHg, 95% CI: −2.82, −0.41). Similarly, each SD/day higher intake of flavanones (SD=19.5 mg/day) was associated with ˜1% lower cAIx (−0.93%, 95% CI: −1.77, −0.09). These associations remained signiﬁcant after additional adjustment for 1) a dietary quality score and 2) other major nutrients that may affect blood pressure or arterial stiffness (i.e., sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, omega-3, total protein and fibre). This study suggests a possible benefit of dietary anthocyanin and flavanone intake on central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness; these findings require corroboration in further research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher habitual dietary flavonoid intake associates with lower central blood pressure and arterial stiffness in healthy older adults

et al. 2021

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“…Several studies report beneficial effects of dietary NO 3 − sources as a new physiological, therapeutic and nutritional approach to attain the intended cardioprotective effects by NO production stimulation [ 8 , 29 , 30 ]. However, dosage, supplementation regimen and individual health status must be considered to obtain the maximum cardioprotective effect following NO 3 − intake.…”

Section: Dietary No 3 − and Endothelial Dysfunction Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review on Dietary Strategies to Provide Nitric Oxide as a Non-Drug Cardiovascular Disease Therapy: Beetroot Formulations—A Smart Nutritional Intervention

Baião

Silva

Paschoalin

2021

Foods

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Beetroot is a remarkable vegetable, as its rich nitrate and bioactive compound contents ameliorate cardiovascular and metabolic functions by boosting nitric oxide synthesis and regulating gene expressions or modulating proteins and enzyme activities involved in these cellular processes. Dietary nitrate provides a physiological substrate for nitric oxide production, which promotes vasodilatation, increases blood flow and lowers blood pressure. A brief narrative and critical review on dietary nitrate intake effects are addressed herein by considering vegetable sources, dosage, intervention regimen and cardioprotective effects achieved in both healthy and cardiovascular-susceptible individuals. Compared to other nitrate-rich vegetables, beets were proven to be the best choice for non-drug therapy because of their sensorial characteristics and easy formulations that facilitate patient adherence for long periods, allied to bioaccessibility and consequent effectiveness. Beets were shown to be effective in raising nitrate and nitrite in biological fluids at levels capable of promoting sustained improvement in primary and advanced hemodynamic parameters.

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“…This remodeling and reduction of elastic properties (stiffening) at the level of elastic arteries is called arteriosclerosis [10]. Though there are many parameters for evaluation of vascular stiffness, the most common are pulse-wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), augmentation pressure (AP), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), arterial compliance, transit time of the reflected wave (Tr), stiffness index (SI), and reflection index (RI) [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Among the various parameters, carotid-femoral PWV (cf-PWV), a direct measure of aortic stiffness, is the most popular method to use, because of its relative ease in evaluation, relatively inexpensive cost, reliability, safety, noninvasiveness, and, most importantly, because of the strong body of evidence confirming its association with increased risk for an initial cardiovascular event [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effect of Statin Therapy on Arterial Stiffness

Alidadi

Montecucco

Jamialahmadi

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Arterial stiffness describes the increased rigidity of the arterial wall that occurs as a consequence of biological aging and several diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated that parameters to assess arterial stiffness, especially pulse-wave velocity, are predictive of those individuals that will suffer cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Statin therapy may be a pharmacological strategy to improve arterial elasticity. It has been shown that the positive benefits of statin therapy on cardiovascular disease is attributable not only to their lipid-lowering capacity but also to various pleiotropic effects, such as their anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antioxidant, and antithrombotic properties. Additionally, statins reduce endothelial dysfunction, improve vascular and myocardial remodeling, and stabilize atherosclerotic plaque. The aim of the present review was to summarize the evidence from human studies showing the effects of statins on arterial stiffness.

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The potential role of plant-derived natural products in improving arterial stiffness: A review of dietary intervention studies

Cited by 49 publications

References 118 publications

Higher habitual dietary flavonoid intake associates with lower central blood pressure and arterial stiffness in healthy older adults

Higher habitual dietary flavonoid intake associates with lower central blood pressure and arterial stiffness in healthy older adults

A Narrative Review on Dietary Strategies to Provide Nitric Oxide as a Non-Drug Cardiovascular Disease Therapy: Beetroot Formulations—A Smart Nutritional Intervention

Beneficial Effect of Statin Therapy on Arterial Stiffness

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