The potential role of the gut microbiota in shaping host energetics and metabolic rate

Lindsay, E.; Metcalfe, Neil B.; Llewellyn, Martin S.

doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13327

Cited by 70 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…These changes in turn could affect the metabolism and physiology of the horses, such as microbial triggered immune responses ( 87 ), aid in regulation of energy metabolism ( 88 , 89 ), and synthesis of the short-chain fatty acids or amino acids ( 90 – 92 ). In fact, it is increasingly recognized that the metabolism of animals is significantly affected by its intestinal microbes ( 93 ). Understanding the changes in intestinal microbial function is another key step toward clarifying the effects of anthelmintic treatment on horses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment

Yang²,

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Intestinal microbiota is involved in immune response and metabolism of the host. The frequent use of anthelmintic compounds for parasite expulsion causes disturbance to the equine intestinal microbiota. However, most studies were on the effects of such treatment on the intestinal bacterial microbes; none is on the entire microbial community including archaea and eukaryotic and viral community in equine animals. This study is the first to explore the differences of the microbial community composition and structure in Przewalski's horses prior to and following anthelmintic treatment, and to determine the corresponding changes of their functional attributes based on metagenomic sequencing. Results showed that in archaea, the methanogen of Euryarchaeota was the dominant phylum. Under this phylum, anthelmintic treatment increased the Methanobrevibacter genus and decreased the Methanocorpusculum genus and two other dominant archaea species, Methanocorpusculum labreanum and Methanocorpusculum bavaricum. In bacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla. Anthelmintic treatment increased the genera of Clostridium and Eubacterium and decreased those of Bacteroides and Prevotella and dominant bacteria species. These altered genera were associated with immunity and digestion. In eukaryota, anthelmintic treatment also changed the genera related to digestion and substantially decreased the relative abundances of identified species. In virus, anthelmintic treatment increased the genus of unclassified_d__Viruses and decreased those of unclassified_f__Siphoviridae and unclassified_f__Myoviridae. Most of the identified viral species were classified into phage, which were more sensitive to anthelmintic treatment than other viruses. Furthermore, anthelmintic treatment was found to increase the number of pathogens related to some clinical diseases in horses. The COG and KEGG function analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota of Przewalski's horse mainly participated in the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. The anthelmintic treatment did not change their overall function; however, it displaced the population of the functional microbes involved in each function or pathway. These results provide a complete view on the changes caused by anthelmintic treatment in the intestinal microbiota of the Przewalski's horses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment

Yang²,

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Studying animal microbiomes can help us answer pivotal questions related to host evolution and ecology ( 1 , 2 ). Mounting studies have demonstrated that gut microbial communities play an essential role in driving host nutrition, energetics, health, behavior, and thus fitness, as the microbiome provides the host flexibility in its capacity to handle ecological and environmental changes ( 3 – 7 ). In turn, host diet, genetics, age, sex, behavior, and external environmental factors all induce variation in the gut microbiota ( 8 – 12 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, much of the information on the gut microbiota-host relationship to date is from studies of laboratory model organisms. Thus, little is known concerning wild animals and their ecological relevance to gut microbes ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diet is a key factor that shapes the composition and function of gut microbiota in animals as well as in humans ( 14 – 16 ). It would be expected that gut microbiota likely provides essential functions related to specialized diets, including the host’s food assimilation efficiency, metabolic rate, energy harvest, and nutritional utilization, and thus allow hosts to expand their niches ( 7 ). For example, in spite of the low digestibility of the cellulose and hemicellulose in the unique bamboo diet of the giant panda ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca ), its gut microbiome contains genes related to cellulose degradation in enzymes that contribute to raw fiber degradation and nutrient utilization, facilitating adaptation to the unique bamboo diet ( 17 , 18 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Dietary Shifts Alter the Gut Microbiota of Avivorous Bats: Implication for Adaptation to Energy Harvest and Nutritional Utilization

Gong

Liu

et al. 2021

mSphere

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The coevolution between the host and its gut microbes can promote an animal’s adaptation to its specific ecological niche and changes in energy and nutritional requirements. This study focused on an avivorous bat, the great evening bat ( Ia io ), to investigate how seasonal dietary shifts affect the gut microbial composition and function, thereby facilitating adaptation to an avian diet.

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“…The most important contribution by the gut microbiota to the host is that in favor of his intestine, as it ensures optimal gut functionality in digestion, energy harvest, mucosal immunity, integrity of the intestinal barrier, defense from pathogens, production of vitamins, neurotransmitters (NT), and potentially bioactive compounds, which are useful molecules for the host, such as the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) [8,[22][23][24][25][26][27] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Interaction With the Gut And The Role Of The Gut Microbiota mentioning

confidence: 99%

The human gut microbiota is neither an organ nor a commensal

Riccio

Rossano

2020

FEBS Letters

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The recent explosive increase in the number of works on gut microbiota has been accompanied by the spread of rather vague or improper definitions, chosen more for common use than for experimental evidence. Among them are those defining the human gut microbiota as an organ of our body or as a commensal. But, is the human gut microbiota an organ or a commensal? Here, we address this issue to spearhead a reflection on the real roles of the human gut microbiota in our life. Actually, the misuse of the vocabulary used to describe the properties and functions of the gut microbiota may generate confusion and cause misunderstandings both in the scientific community and among the general public.

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The potential role of the gut microbiota in shaping host energetics and metabolic rate

Cited by 70 publications

References 88 publications

Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment

Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment

Seasonal Dietary Shifts Alter the Gut Microbiota of Avivorous Bats: Implication for Adaptation to Energy Harvest and Nutritional Utilization

The human gut microbiota is neither an organ nor a commensal

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