The Potential Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Cigarette Smoke‐Associated Diseases

Ryu, A-Reum; Kim, Do Hyun; Kim, Eun-Joo; Lee, Mi Young

doi:10.1155/2018/4692081

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…CYP-mediated elevations in oxidative stress that accompany tobacco smoking, also promote HIV-1 replication [13,14,50,51]. Additionally, cigarette smoking is associated with EV release in smokers and in various cell types in vitro [96]. Our study revealed that EVs from CSC-treated cells were found to alter their antioxidant capacity and packaging-showing a protective effect against toxicity and viral replication in the early stages of HIV-1 replication [92].…”

Section: Tobacco Smoking and Ev Cyp2a6 1b1 1a1mentioning

confidence: 64%

Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Containing Xenobiotic Metabolizing CYP Enzymes and Their Potential Roles in Extrahepatic Cells Via Cell–Cell Interactions

Gerth

Kumar

Mahon

et al. 2019

IJMS

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The cytochrome P450 (CYP) family of enzymes is known to metabolize the majority of xenobiotics. Hepatocytes, powerhouses of CYP enzymes, are where most drugs are metabolized into non-toxic metabolites. Additional tissues/cells such as gut, kidneys, lungs, blood, and brain cells express selective CYP enzymes. Extrahepatic CYP enzymes, especially in kidneys, also metabolize drugs into excretable forms. However, extrahepatic cells express a much lower level of CYPs than hepatocytes. It is possible that the liver secretes CYP enzymes, which circulate via plasma and are eventually delivered to extrahepatic cells (e.g., brain cells). CYP circulation likely occurs via extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry important biomolecules for delivery to distant cells. Recent studies have revealed an abundance of several CYPs in plasma EVs and other cell-derived EVs, and have demonstrated the role of CYP-containing EVs in xenobiotic-induced toxicity via cell–cell interactions. Thus, it is important to study the mechanism for packaging CYP into EVs, their circulation via plasma, and their role in extrahepatic cells. Future studies could help to find novel EV biomarkers and help to utilize EVs in novel interventions via CYP-containing EV drug delivery. This review mainly covers the abundance of CYPs in plasma EVs and EVs derived from CYP-expressing cells, as well as the potential role of EV CYPs in cell–cell communication and their application with respect to novel biomarkers and therapeutic interventions.

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Section: Tobacco Smoking and Ev Cyp2a6 1b1 1a1mentioning

confidence: 64%

Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Containing Xenobiotic Metabolizing CYP Enzymes and Their Potential Roles in Extrahepatic Cells Via Cell–Cell Interactions

Gerth

Kumar

Mahon

et al. 2019

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Indeed, miRNA overload activates TL3 receptors in lymphocytes triggering cytokine production, protease release, leukocytes recruitment and inflammation [79]. Release of extracellular vesicles plays a pathogenic role in the lung damage induced by cigarette smoke [80]. miRNAs themselves also contribute to inhibition of methylation of CpG sites.…”

Section: Epigenetic Factors In the Development Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon Biomonitoring and microRNA in Lung Cancer

Bersimbaev

Pulliero

Bulgakova

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Radon is the number one cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. microRNA expression in human bronchial epithelium cells is altered by radon, with particular reference to upregulation of miR-16, miR-15, miR-23, miR-19, miR-125, and downregulation of let-7, miR-194, miR-373, miR-124, miR-146, miR-369, and miR-652. These alterations alter cell cycle, oxidative stress, inflammation, oncogene suppression, and malignant transformation. Also DNA methylation is altered as a consequence of miR-29 modification induced by radon. Indeed miR-29 targets DNA methyltransferases causing inhibition of CpG sites methylation. Massive microRNA dysregulation occurs in the lung due to radon expose and is functionally related with the resulting lung damage. However, in humans this massive lung microRNA alterations only barely reflect onto blood microRNAs. Indeed, blood miR-19 was not found altered in radon-exposed subjects. Thus, microRNAs are massively dysregulated in experimental models of radon lung carcinogenesis. In humans these events are initially adaptive being aimed at inhibiting neoplastic transformation. Only in case of long-term exposure to radon, microRNA alterations lead towards cancer development. Accordingly, it is difficult in human to establish a microRNA signature reflecting radon exposure. Additional studies are required to understand the role of microRNAs in pathogenesis of radon-induced lung cancer.

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“…Cigarette smoke induced release of exosomes may be involved in the progression of chronic diseases (25,26). Also, the role of exosomes release by cigarette smoke extract have been implicated in altering cellular functions such as endothelial dysfunction and in ammatory conditions (26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal microRNAs are novel circulating biomarkers in cigarette,waterpipe smokers, E-cigarette users and dual smokers

Singh

Maremanda

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) produce aerosolized substances by heating a liquid, which contains large number of chemicals. The aerosol generated by E-cig may produce adverse health effects. Cigarette smoke exposure causes various diseases including COPD, atherosclerosis, and lung cancer. Waterpipe tobacco smoking also causes various acute and chronic health effects including cardiopulmonary diseases. microRNAs are present in higher concentration in exosomes that play a major role in various physiological and pathological functions. We hypothesized that the non-coding RNAs transcript may serve as susceptibility to disease biomarkers by smoking and vaping. Results: Our data show the enrichment of various non-coding RNAs that include microRNAs, tRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, Mt-tRNAs, and other biotypes in exosomes. A comprehensive differential expression analysis of microRNAs, tRNAs and piRNAs showed significant changes across different pairwise comparisons. The seven microRNAs that were common and differentially expressed of when all the smoking and vaping groups were compared with non-smokers (NS) are hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-29b-3p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-30a-5p and hsa-let-7i-5p. The e-cig vs. NS group has differentially expressed 5 microRNAs (hsa-miR-224-5p, hsa-miR-193b-3p, hsa-miR-30e-5p, hsa-miR-423-3p, hsa-miR-365a-3p, and hsa-miR-365b-3p) that is specific for this group and are not expressed in other three groups. Gene set enrichment analysis of microRNAs showed significant changes in the top six enriched functions that consisted of biological pathway, biological process, molecular function, cellular component, site of expression and transcription factor in all the groups. Further, the pairwise comparison of tRNAs and piRNA in all these groups revealed significant changes in their expressions. Conclusions: Plasma exosomes of cigarette smokers, waterpipe smokers, e-cig users and dual smokers have common differential expression of microRNAs which may serve to distinguish smoking and vaping subjects from NS. Among them has-let-7a-5p has high sensitivity and specificity to distinguish NS with the rest of the users, using ROC curve analysis. This study will pave the way for the utilizing the potential of exosomes/miRNAs as a novel theranostic agents in understanding the lung injury caused by tobacco smoking and vaping.

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The Potential Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Cigarette Smoke‐Associated Diseases

Cited by 44 publications

References 68 publications

Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Containing Xenobiotic Metabolizing CYP Enzymes and Their Potential Roles in Extrahepatic Cells Via Cell–Cell Interactions

Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Containing Xenobiotic Metabolizing CYP Enzymes and Their Potential Roles in Extrahepatic Cells Via Cell–Cell Interactions

Radon Biomonitoring and microRNA in Lung Cancer

Exosomal microRNAs are novel circulating biomarkers in cigarette,waterpipe smokers, E-cigarette users and dual smokers

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