The Prdm family: expanding roles in stem cells and development

Hohenauer, Tobias; Moore, Adrian W.

doi:10.1242/dev.070110

Cited by 232 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 174 publications

(308 reference statements)

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“…Prdm proteins are a family of epigenetic zinc-finger transcriptional regulators with important roles in cell differentiation and diseases (Fog et al, 2012;Hohenauer and Moore, 2012). In mouse and zebrafish embryos, Prdm12 is expressed in specific regions of the developing brain, in spinal cord p1 progenitors and in dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia (Kinameri et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prdm12 specifies V1 interneurons through cross-repressive interactions with Dbx1 and Nkx6 genes in Xenopus

et al. 2015

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V1 interneurons are inhibitory neurons that play an essential role in vertebrate locomotion. The molecular mechanisms underlying their genesis remain, however, largely undefined. Here, we show that the transcription factor Prdm12 is selectively expressed in p1 progenitors of the hindbrain and spinal cord in the frog embryo, and that a similar restricted expression profile is observed in the nerve cord of other vertebrates as well as of the cephalochordate amphioxus. Using frog, chick and mice, we analyzed the regulation of Prdm12 and found that its expression in the caudal neural tube is dependent on retinoic acid and Pax6, and that it is restricted to p1 progenitors, due to the repressive action of Dbx1 and Nkx6-1/2 expressed in the adjacent p0 and p2 domains. Functional studies in the frog, including genomewide identification of its targets by RNA-seq and ChIP-Seq, reveal that vertebrate Prdm12 proteins act as a general determinant of V1 cell fate, at least in part, by directly repressing Dbx1 and Nkx6 genes. This probably occurs by recruiting the methyltransferase G9a, an activity that is not displayed by the amphioxus Prdm12 protein. Together, these findings indicate that Prdm12 promotes V1 interneurons through cross-repressive interactions with Dbx1 and Nkx6 genes, and suggest that this function might have only been acquired after the split of the vertebrate and cephalochordate lineages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prdm12 specifies V1 interneurons through cross-repressive interactions with Dbx1 and Nkx6 genes in Xenopus

et al. 2015

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“…Several studies on Blimp1 and its human ortholog PRDI-BF1 (PRDM1 -Human Genome Nomenclature Committee) have demonstrated that Prdm1 represses multiple target genes through the recruitment of various histone modifying proteins, including histone methyltransferases (Gyory et al, 2004;Ancelin et al, 2006) and histone deacetylases (Yu et al, 2000), or through binding to the Groucho family of co-repressors (Ren et al, 1999). Whereas other members of the PRDM family have intrinsic methyltransferase activity through the PR/SET domain (Hohenauer and Moore, 2012), it appears that Prdm1 lacks this activity (Gyory et al, 2004). This suggests that Prdm1 might depend largely on binding partners to regulate its target genes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prdm1a directly activates foxd3 and tfap2a during zebrafish neural crest specification

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYThe neural crest comprises multipotent precursor cells that are induced at the neural plate border by a series of complex signaling and genetic interactions. Several transcription factors, termed neural crest specifiers, are necessary for early neural crest development; however, the nature of their interactions and regulation is not well understood. Here, we have established that the PR/SET domaincontaining transcription factor Prdm1a is co-expressed with two essential neural crest specifiers, foxd3 and tfap2a, at the neural plate border. Through rescue experiments, chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays, we have determined that Prdm1a directly binds to and transcriptionally activates enhancers for foxd3 and tfap2a and that they are functional, direct targets of Prdm1a at the neural plate border. Additionally, analysis of dominant activator and dominant repressor Prdm1a constructs suggests that Prdm1a is required both as a transcriptional activator and transcriptional repressor for neural crest development in zebrafish embryos.

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“…Both seq and ttk have previously been linked to the Notch pathway (Guo et al, 1996;Brenman et al, 2001;Althauser et al, 2005;Jordan et al, 2006;Andrews et al, 2009). Comparing with mammalian proteins, Seq is most homologous to Prdm10, a member of the positive regulatory domain (PRDM) family, many of which are involved in embryonic development and Notch signaling (Hohenauer and Moore, 2012;Zannino and Sagerstrom, 2015). Because of the connections between seq, ttk, the PRDM family and Notch signaling, we pursued the role of seq with the aim of gaining further insight into the temporal activation of Notch signaling required for precise type I>0 daughter switches.…”

Section: /P27mentioning

confidence: 99%

sequoia controls the type I>0 daughter proliferation switch in the developing Drosophila nervous system

et al. 2016

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Neural progenitors typically divide asymmetrically to renew themselves, while producing daughters with more limited potential. In the Drosophila embryonic ventral nerve cord, neuroblasts initially produce daughters that divide once to generate two neurons/glia (type I proliferation mode). Subsequently, many neuroblasts switch to generating daughters that differentiate directly (type 0). This programmed type I>0 switch is controlled by Notch signaling, triggered at a distinct point of lineage progression in each neuroblast. However, how Notch signaling onset is gated was unclear. We recently identified Sequoia (Seq), a C2H2 zinc-finger transcription factor with homology to Drosophila Tramtrack (Ttk) and the positive regulatory domain (PRDM) family, as important for lineage progression. Here, we find that seq mutants fail to execute the type I>0 daughter proliferation switch and also display increased neuroblast proliferation. Genetic interaction studies reveal that seq interacts with the Notch pathway, and seq furthermore affects expression of a Notch pathway reporter. These findings suggest that seq may act as a context-dependent regulator of Notch signaling, and underscore the growing connection between Seq, Ttk, the PRDM family and Notch signaling.

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The Prdm family: expanding roles in stem cells and development

Cited by 232 publications

References 174 publications

Prdm12 specifies V1 interneurons through cross-repressive interactions with Dbx1 and Nkx6 genes in Xenopus

Prdm12 specifies V1 interneurons through cross-repressive interactions with Dbx1 and Nkx6 genes in Xenopus

Prdm1a directly activates foxd3 and tfap2a during zebrafish neural crest specification

sequoia controls the type I>0 daughter proliferation switch in the developing Drosophila nervous system

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The Prdm family: expanding roles in stem cells and development

Cited by 232 publications

References 174 publications

Prdm12 specifies V1 interneurons through cross-repressive interactions with Dbx1 and Nkx6 genes in Xenopus

Prdm12 specifies V1 interneurons through cross-repressive interactions with Dbx1 and Nkx6 genes in Xenopus

Prdm1a directly activates foxd3 and tfap2a during zebrafish neural crest specification

sequoia controls the type I&gt;0 daughter proliferation switch in the developing Drosophila nervous system

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sequoia controls the type I>0 daughter proliferation switch in the developing Drosophila nervous system