The Precipitin Test in Systemic Candidiasis

Kozinn, Philip J.

doi:10.1001/jama.1976.03260320036021

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Though there have been numerous reports on the subject (3,6,17,18,21), it is not yet clear whether cell-mediated or antibody-mediated immunity is dominant in fighting infections due to Candida. Although there have been several reports on the value of serologies in detecting candidiasis (7,8,11,20,24,25), little attention has been given to the detection of delayed-type hypersensitivity. It is clear from this and previous studies from this laboratory that the B-HEX antigen can be used successfully in the murine animal model for the detection of delayed-type hypersensitivity in infected animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological relatedness among Candida albicans and other pathogenic Candida species

Hector¹,

Lyon²,

Domer³

1981

Infect Immun

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Membrane-mitochondrial (butanol-hot phosphate-buffered saline) and cytosol (soluble cytoplasmic substances) extracts from seven pathogenic species of Candida were used in in vivo and in vitro immunological assays to study antigenic similarities among the strains with respect to C. albicans. Mice were sensitized with C. albicans serotype A for footpad testing or to provide cells for lymphocyte stimulation assays, and guinea pigs were immunized with whole cells or butanol-hot phosphate-buffered saline extracts of C. albicans to obtain antisera for immunodiffusion assays. When extracts from each of the seven species were used in the assays, they consistently segregated, as determined by statistical or subjective analyses, into three groups. Extracts of C. albicans serotype A or B and C. stellatoidea were the most immunologically reactive in all assays, indicating close similarities between those two species, whereas extracts of C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis elicited only moderate responses. Extracts from C. krusei, C. guilliermondii, and C. pseudotropicalis were hypo- or nonreactive in the assays, indicating a low level of antigenic relatedness to C. albicans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological relatedness among Candida albicans and other pathogenic Candida species

Hector¹,

Lyon²,

Domer³

1981

Infect Immun

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“…In the past 10 to 15 years, yeast septicemia has been of primary concern in the management of hospitalized and compromised patients (1,5,7,13,14,19,21,22). Blood cultures positive for yeasts, however, have not always coincided with actual infection.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Blood cultures positive for yeasts, however, have not always coincided with actual infection. Kozinn et al (14) and Bodey (1) both found that blood cultures were positive in less than 50% of disseminated Candida infections. Conversely, positive blood cultures may not always reflect disseminated infections, but rather may reflect transient candidemia which resolves upon removal of a contaminated catheter (7,8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of yeast septicemia by biphasic and radiometric methods

Prevost¹,

Bannister²

1981

J Clin Microbiol

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microbiology laboratory used a commercial biphasic brain heart infusion vented culture method for fungal blood cultures and a commercial radiometric (BACTEC 460, Johnson Laboratories, Cockeysville, Md.) method for bacterial blood cultures. A total of 668 biphasic fungal blood cultures were processed, of which 30 grew yeasts from 19 patients. There were 38,324 BACTEC blood cultures processed for bacteria, of which 184 grew yeasts from 85 patients. The overall detection time for all yeasts averaged 8.3 days for the biphasic method and 2.4 days for the radiometric method. The BACTEC aerobic bottle detected over six times as many yeasts as did the anaerobic bottle. Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated yeast in both methods, being detected in an average of 7.7 days in the biphasic method and 1.6 days in the aerobic BACTEC bottle. It is concluded from this study that the radiometric method is far superior to the biphasic method, because (i) it has a shorter detection time, (ii) it can be used simultaneously with bacterial methods, saving blood and money, and (iii) it requires no special or separate media or instructions for yeasts, thus alleviating confusion in the blood collection process.

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“…This statement is not applicable to reference 45 regarding the precipitin test in systemic candidiasis in a study of 115 high risk patients [8]. Only 1 of these 12 patients had a positive Candida precipitin test.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%